Question

Both Nietzsche (i.e., his irrationalism/perspectivism), and Marx (i.e., modern materialism) base their theories of knowledge (epistemology) on a similar view of reality of the flux (their metaphysics) - namely, the view that everything is in constant state of change, of becoming. But they draw polar opposite conclusions from this. For Nietzsche he holds the view that there is no knowledge but only perspective, no facts but only interpretation. Marx, however, believes the world is fundamentally knowable, and that vast knowledge about the world is attainable despite the underlying flux, the constant state of becoming of all things. Explain how Marx/modern materialism is still able to account for a knowable world even with the flux, and thus rejects Nietzsche's irrationalism. (hint: quantitative and qualitative change)

Answer 1

Karl marx is a social reformer and a community service person who believed that philosophy is not ideology but it has to practised to abolish expolitation, inequality and injustice in the society. A materialistic concept was finalized which should work to abolish human isolation. He believed in the theory of evolution of charles darwin. His friend Engles helped him in the develpment of various theories to handle social problems. The differentiation theories were developed about the evolution of ape with formation of hands and legs. This also includes the analytical,thinking and perceptions of the human mind. The next concept was the concept of dialectical materialism. The different points include the object of labor,productive forces and the instruments used for designing and building like hammer, anvil, saw, lathe machines and cutter and grinders. It also includes appliances used in electrical work. He further explains that the production of material objects and machines takes place gradually over time and does not take place simultaneously with the development of society in geological era scale.According to Karl Marx there are five major considerations----1)primitive communal 2)slavery 3)Feudal 4)capitalist 5)communist. The production and manufacturing of the equipments is an important application, which depends on the conflicts in the society and demand to change and bring revolution in the society. There are conflicts between the working class people and the capitalistic people in the society, which leads to the revolution and the development of new machinery tools and manufacturing equipments according to the need of the society and the worker labor class.

Friedrich nietzsche believed in the indistinguishable form of object and the subject, which is not perceivable in the enlightenment scenario. He was an atheist, who did not believe in the existence of God. He believed in the breaking of hypothesis and false perceptions governing the person in the society. This will lead to the emergence of the truth, however it may be bitter to understand in the real sense and reality. The inner feelings will play games and the inner conscious wil be raised to govern,power and become authoritative. The person will develop the power to rule the world unless he becomes conscious to reveal and open the reality. He should be able to understand the truth and analyze the real situation.