Question

What is the difference between Addition and Condensation reactions? How does this relate to polymers?

Write a balanced nuclear equation for the following:
When iridium-192 emits a beta particle as it decays

Compare and contrast the molecular structure and performance characteristics of LDPE and HDPE. Provide an example of each type of polymer

Describe two types of methods that can be used to mold plastic products.

Tin (Sn), with a mass number of 126 and an atomic number of 50, decays by beta emission. Identify the product of the nuclear reaction by providing its atomic symbol (2 points), mass number (2 points), and atomic number (1 point).

Uranium (U) has a mass number of 238 and an atomic number of 92 and decays by emission of an alpha particle. The product of this decay is (Points : 5)        uranium (U), with a mass number of 234 and an atomic number of 92.
       lead (Pb), with a mass number of 234 and an atomic number of 91.
       thorium (Th), with a mass number of 234 and an atomic number of 90.
       radium (Ra), with a mass number of 234 and an atomic number of 88.
       thorium (Th), with a mass number of 234 and an atomic number of 91.

Answer 1

Solution 1:

The basics difference between Addition and Condensation reactions is as follows,

In an Addition reaction, it involves rearrangements of electrons in the carbon-carbon double bonds within a molecules or monomers which results the formation of single bonds with other monomers or molecules.

While, in the condensation reaction, the two molecules or monomers will combine with the elimination/loss of a smaller water, alcohol or an acid molecules.

This two above mentioned reactions is applicable in polymerizations is as follows,

Addition polymerization:

1. The criteria for monomers is they must have at least a one double bond.

2. In this reaction, there are no by-products

3. It is also called as chain growth polymerization.

4. The common examples are, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, Teflon, etc.

Condensation polymerization:

1. The criteria for monomers is they must have at least a bi-functional monomers.

2. In this reaction, there is a by-products e.g. water, methanol etc.

3. It is also called as step growth polymerization, because, the monomers is added in the step-wise manner.

4. The common examples are bakelite, nylon, etc.