In: Statistics and Probability
Consider the following data on the estimated cost (in millions of dollars) resulting from traffic congestion for different urban areas. The following are the data for the 13 largest U.S. urban areas. Urban Area Total Cost (millions of dollars) New York 16 Los Angeles 13 Chicago 7 Washington, D.C. 5 Houston 5 Dallas, Fort Worth 4 Detroit 4 Miami 4 Phoenix 4 Philadelphia 4 San Francisco 3 Boston 3 Atlanta 3
(a) Calculate the mean and standard deviation for this data set (in millions of dollars). (Round your answers to three decimal places.) mean $ million standard deviation $ million
(b) Delete the observations for New York and Los Angeles and recalculate the mean and standard deviation (in millions of dollars). (Round your answers to three decimal places.) mean $ million standard deviation $ million Compare this mean and standard deviation to the values calculated in part (a).
When New York and Los Angeles were excluded from the data set, the mean and the standard deviation . What does this suggest about using the mean and standard deviation as measures of center and variability for a data set with outliers? This suggests that using the mean and standard deviation as measures of center and variability for data sets with outliers present , because outliers a significant impact on those measures.
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