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Write the balanced net ionic equations for the following: (a) aluminum and potassium hydroxide, yielding [Al(OH)4]...

Write the balanced net ionic equations for the following: (a) aluminum and potassium hydroxide, yielding [Al(OH)4] – and hydrogen gas; (b) hydrogen ions and [Al(OH)4] –, yielding aluminum hydroxide; (c) aluminum hydroxide and hydrogen ions, yielding [Al(H2O)6]3+; and (d) the formation of alum from potassium ions, sulfate ions, [Al(H2O)6]3+, and water.

Solutions

Expert Solution

(a) aluminum and potassium hydroxide, yielding [Al(OH)4] – and hydrogen gas

Complete ionic equation is-

2 Al(s) + 2 KOH(aq) + 6 H2O(l) ----> 2 KAl(OH)4(aq) + 3 H2(g)

or 2 Al(s) + 2K+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + 6 H2O(l) -----> 2K+(aq) + 2 Al(OH)4-(aq) +3 H2(g)

and Net ionic equation is-
2 Al(s) + 2 OH-(aq) + 6 H2O(l) ----> 2 Al(OH)4-(aq) + 3 H2(g)

(b) hydrogen ions and [Al(OH)4] –, yielding aluminum hydroxide

Complete ionic equation is--

2 KAl(OH)4(aq) + H2SO4(aq) ------> 2 Al(OH)3(s) + 2 H2O(l) + K2SO4(aq)

or 2K+(aq) + 2 Al(OH)4-(aq) + 2H+(aq) + SO42- (aq) ----> 2 Al(OH)3(s) + 2 H2O(l) + 2K+(aq) +  SO42- (aq)

and Net ionic equation is--
Al(OH)4-(aq) + H+(aq) ----> Al(OH)3(s) + H2O(l)

(c) aluminum hydroxide and hydrogen ions, yielding [Al(H2O)6]3+

Complete ionic equation is---

2 Al(OH)3(s) + 3 H2SO4(aq) ----> Al2(SO4)3(aq) + 6 H2O(l)

and Net ionic equation is--

Al(OH)3(s) + 3 H+(aq) ----> [Al(H2O)6]3+

(d) the formation of alum from potassium ions, sulfate ions, [Al(H2O)6]3+, and water.

the formula for alum is  KAl(SO4)2.12 H2O

Complete ionic equation is---

Al2(SO4)3(aq) + K2SO4(aq) + 24 H2O(l) -----> 2 KAl(SO4)2.12 H2O

and Net ionic equation is---

K+(aq) + [Al(H2O)6]3+(aq) + 2 SO42-(aq) + 12 H2O(l) ----> KAl(SO4)2.12 H2O(s)

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago
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