Compare and contrast the following pairs of rocks and explain what is the same and different,...

Compare and contrast the following pairs of rocks and explain what is the same and different, and why.

(a) Granite and Rhyolite

(b) Rhyolite and Basalt

(c) Granite and granitic gneiss

(d) Limestone and marble

Expert Solution

(a)Granite is different from Rhyolite as it is very hard, granular, crystalline and composed mainly of mica, quartz, and feldspar. It is commonly used as a building stone. They are plutonic meaning they are formed by solidification of lava under the ground.
On the other hand, Rhyolite is fine-grained which is rich in silica.
They are similar as both are igneous rocks formed by solidification of volcanic lava. They are both durable and hard.

(b)Basalt is also a volcanic igneous rock like Rhyolite and formed from the rapid cooling of the basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of earth. Basalt is not water-resistant compared to Granite and Rhyolite.

(c)Granite is Igneous whereas Granitic Gneiss is a metamorphic rock meaning it is formed by metamorphic processes from pre-existing formations that were originally granite. Gneiss is harder than Granite because it is metamorphosed. Gneiss also has a glittery appearance.

(d) Marble is a metamorphic rock formed from limestone which is a sedimentary rock. Limestone is soft rock compared to marble which is harder. Both are similar to the fact that they have a similar composition of carbonates.

genius_generous answered 7 months ago

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