Question

In: Biology

Roger is a 25 year old astronaut who is travelling to another planet in a one-man...

Roger is a 25 year old astronaut who is travelling to another planet in a one-man spaceship. While in space, the capsule become partially depressurised.

Using your knowledge of internal and external respiration (M2L4), please answer the following questions below. Be sure to clearly label the different parts.

Part A. Describe with details how Henry's law relates to external respiration (1.5 marks)

Part B. How does the reduction in partial pressure in the spaceship affect Roger's oxygen uptake? Explain your reasoning. (1 mark)

Part C. Against all odds, Roger makes it to a new planet but carbon dioxide is less soluble on this planet. How will this affect Roger’s ability to breathe? (1 mark)

Solutions

Expert Solution

ANSWER PART A and B :-

  1. Henry's Law states that in case of the diffusion of oxygen or other gases into the bloodstream, the partial pressure plays a very important role. More the partial pressure, more will be the diffusion.
  2. Let's consider the example of diffusion of oxygen into the blood. When oxygen is being inhaled, it has a relatively higher partial pressure as compared to that in the blood and as a result of this as already stated above, there will be movement of oxygen atoms into the blood.
  3. We need to take into consideration that the spaceship capsule has been depressurized which means that there will be removal of air and oxygen wouldn't be available. There will be less amount of oxygen available. Oxygen tends to be less soluble in blood than carbon dioxide. This indicates that if carbon dioxide is present in more amounts than oxygen and has low partial pressure, but still due to more solubility, there will be presence of more amount of carbon dioxide in the blood. In space, there will be an overall effect on the partial pressure of all gases and thus oxygen. This in turn will affect the transport of oxygen from the alveoli where gas exchange occurs into the blood due to low partial pressure of oxygen and it being less soluble and hence carbon dioxide concentration may start increasing.

ANSWER C :-

  1. On the new planet, the solubility of carbon dioxide is less which indicates that in this scenario the gas carbon dioxide will possess both low partial pressure and low solubility although there is no detailing about the oxygen gas. If oxygen is present there will be hyperventilation or influx of more amount of air (oxygen) as compared to carbon dioxide which will be eliminated rather than found in the blood.
  2. There will be more oxygen influx as it will carry the same partial pressure to be transported into the blood.

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