Identify one aspect of translation that is present in Bacteria but absent in Eukarya: Group of...

Identify one aspect of translation that is present in Bacteria but absent in Eukarya: Group of answer choices :

rRNA in the large subunit of the ribosome plays a catalytic role

The elongation stage is sensitive to the presence of diphtheria toxin

The genetic code consists of 64 unique 3-nucleotide codons

A peptide bond forms between the amino acid of one amino-acylated tRNA and a peptide on the other tRNA

An tRNA carrying methionine is recruited to the ribosome to form the initiation complex

The small subunit rRNA molecule anneals to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence on the mRNA

Solutions

Expert Solution

Answer: The small subunit rRNA molecule anneals to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence on the mRNA.

Explanation: The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is present in bacteria but absent in eukarya. In eukaryotes, the Kozak sequence is present instead of the shine-Dalgarno sequence. Both the Kozak sequence and the Shine-Dalgarno sequence helps in the binding of the ribosome with the mRNA to initiate translation.

Incorrect options:

rRNA in the large subunit of the ribosome plays a catalytic role

Explanation: In both bacteria and eukarya the function of rRNA is the same. It catalyzes the formation of peptide bond hence, they are also referred to as a ribozyme.

The elongation stage is sensitive to diphtheria toxin

Explanation: The diphtheria toxin is produced by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. This toxin inhibits translation elongation in eukarya by inactivating the elongation factor-2.

The genetic code consists of 64 unique 3-nucleotide codons

Explanation: Universality is the property of genetic code. 64 codons are present in both bacteria and eukarya.

A peptide bond forms between the amino acid of one amino-acylated tRNA and a peptide on the other tRNA

Explanation: The process of formation of the peptide bond is the same in both bacteria and eukarya.

A tRNA carrying methionine is recruited to the ribosome to form the initiation complex

Explanation: The methionine is the first amino acid that is loaded on the t-RNA in the case of eukarya. But in bacteria, the formyl group is added with the methionine and thus N-formyl methionine is the first amino acid instead of the methionine.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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