In: Accounting
5-2) Accounts receivable is not unique to Merchandising co. When a co sells on credit, the due of trade debtors are mentioned in balance sheet as Accounts receivable
5-2) Merchandising co gross profit arises out Net Sales - Cost of Goods Sold
proforma
Sales XXX
Less: Returns & discounts XXX
Add: Closing Stock XXX
Less Openning Stock XXX
Less: Purchases XXX
(Excluding returns & discounts)
Gross Profit XXX
5-3) Sales account is a revenue generation activity and rest are expenses/adjustments and needs to be deducted from sales. They are not shown outside the company. They will be shown as deductible items as mentioned above
5-4) The discount period is 10 days and anyone who pays within 10 days will get 2% and the credit term is 60 days and all dues by debtors needs to be paid by 60th day
5-5) List price less purchase & trade discount is sales price
5-6) Opening stock+Purchases-Closing stock= COGS. But here the closing stock for each period or Quarter as decided by management/policy is arrived by physical verification and this is perpetual inventory system, where you keep checking the physical inventory periodically
5-7) FOB=Free On Board & FOB destination is where the buyer takes the delivery of goods and the title to goods are transferred to him.