Mr. Santiago is a 55-year-old male who is a 2 PPD (pack per day) smoker for the past 30 years, has hypertension, and COPD (chronic obstructive lung disease).

Mr. Santiago is a 55-year-old male who is a 2 PPD (pack per day) smoker for the past 30 years, has hypertension, and COPD (chronic obstructive lung disease). Please establish three nursing diagnoses related to cardiopulmonary system that could be applicable to Mr. Santiago. Explain your reasoning for each diagnosis.

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Expert Solution

NURSING DIAGNOSIS. * IMPAIRED GAS EXCHANGE RELATED TO DYSPNEA, DECREASED VENTILATION AND MUCUS PLUG. _ REASON IS" SMOKING CAN CAUSE THE ALVEOLAR BREAK DOWN AND FORM LARGER AIR SPACES.IT REDUCES THE EFFICIENCY OF GAS EXCHANGE. * CHEST PAIN RELATED TO LACK OF BLOOD FLOW TO THE HEART _ REASON_" NICOTINE IN CIGRETTE SMOKING RAISES BLOOD PRESSURE BY NARROWING OF ARTERIES LEADS TO STRESS TO THE HEART . * RISK FOR DECREASED CARDIAC OUTPUT RELATED TO INADEQUATE BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE HEART. _ REASON- NICOTINE CAN DECREASE THE CORONARY BLOOD FLOW AND DEVELOPMENT OF PLAQUE IN ARTERIES.IT MAY LEADS TO LACK OF BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE HEART.

Nightingale answered 2 years ago

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