Question

In: Biology

Mismatch Repair: When does it act? ["S phase", "Any time in the cell cycle"]      ...

Mismatch Repair:

When does it act? ["S phase", "Any time in the cell cycle"]      
What is fixed? ["Substitutions", "strand breaks", "thymine dimers"]      
What is removed? ["One bond", "One nitrogenous base", "One nucleotide", "Many nucleotides"]      
Found in Bacteria? ["Yes", "No"]   
Found in humans?

Base Excision Repair:

When does it act? ["S phase", "Any time in the cell cycle"]      
What is fixed? ["Substitutions", "strand breaks", "thymine dimers"]      
What is removed? ["One bond", "One nitrogenous base", "One nucleotide", "Many nucleotides"]      
Found in Bacteria? ["Yes", "No"]   
Found in humans?

Nucleotide Excision Repair

When does it act? ["S phase", "Any time in the cell cycle"]      
What is fixed? ["Substitutions", "strand breaks", "thymine dimers"]      
What is removed? ["One bond", "One nitrogenous base", "One nucleotide", "Many nucleotides"]      
Found in Bacteria? ["Yes", "No"]   
Found in humans?

Direct Repair

When does it act? ["S phase", "Any time in the cell cycle"]      
What is fixed? ["Substitutions", "strand breaks", "thymine dimers"]      
What is removed? ["One bond", "One nitrogenous base", "One nucleotide", "Many nucleotides"]      
Found in Bacteria? ["Yes", "No"]   
Found in humans?

Solutions

Expert Solution

Mismatch Repair :

  1. S phase. When replication occurs in the S phase and bases are added one by one,   proofreading is done by mismatch repair.
  2. Substituions. Insertion, deletion or substitution of bases during replication is fixed by mismatch repair.
  3. One nitrogen base that is the mismatch is removed.
  4. It is found in bacteria.
  5. It is found in human. It is found in almost all organisms from bacteria to human.

Base Excision repair

  1. Anytime in the cell cycle. Base excision repair mechanism occurs throughout the cell cycle.
  2. Strand breaks. Base excision repair mechanism repairs bases that could lead to mutation or cause strand break.
  3. One nucleotide. In this mechanism firstthe damaged base is removed then the rest of the nucleotide is also removed by the enzymes.
  4. Found in bacteria.
  5. Found in humans. This mechanism is conserved from bacteria to humans.

Nucleotide Excision repair

  1. Any time in the cell cycle.
  2. Thymine dimers. It mainly fixes UV induced damages such as thymine dimers.
  3. Many nucleotides removed.
  4. Found in bacteria
  5. Found in humans. It is more complex in humans than bacteria.

Direct Repair

  1. It can occur any time in the cell cycle.
  2. Substituions are fixed. Sometimes the nucleotides are changed due to external factors such as alkylating agents and these type of errors are fixed.
  3. One bond is removed. Enzymes identify the modifying agents and remove it.
  4. Found in bacteria.
  5. Found in humans.

gladiator answered 1 year ago
Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

During mismatch repair, how does the cell “know” which strand to degrade and repair? Why will...
During mismatch repair, how does the cell “know” which strand to degrade and repair? Why will it lose this ability after a certain amount of time? Provide a reason that might explain why it is safer to degrade the new strand of DNA rather than the parental strand.
For each phase of the cell cycle,: G1 Phase - Growth, S PHase - DNA Replication,...
For each phase of the cell cycle,: G1 Phase - Growth, S PHase - DNA Replication, G2 - Growth, M Phase - Mitosis) state what the overall (general) histone methylation state OR acetylation state of  the inactive X (Xi) and active X (Xa) chromosomes in human females. Xi Xa G1 S G2 M
With reference to the mechanisms of mismatch repair and nucleotide-excision repair in E. coli cell, which...
With reference to the mechanisms of mismatch repair and nucleotide-excision repair in E. coli cell, which mechanism is more energy costing? Explain your answer.
9.      How does p53 act to regulate the cell cycle?
9.      How does p53 act to regulate the cell cycle?
Which of the following is included in the Meiotic phase of the cell cycle? A) Reduction...
Which of the following is included in the Meiotic phase of the cell cycle? A) Reduction B) Mitosis C) Division D) A and C are true E) All of the above are true
Which cell cycle phase would NOT progress if a lack of nutrients prevented cell growth? a.Cytokinesis...
Which cell cycle phase would NOT progress if a lack of nutrients prevented cell growth? a.Cytokinesis b. S phase c. Metaphase d.G2 phase
Questions about the cell cycle 1. Does the cell cycle really have a beginning and an...
Questions about the cell cycle 1. Does the cell cycle really have a beginning and an end? Explain your answer. 2. Why is the spindle apparatus more complex in animal cells than in plant cells? (it has something to do with differences in the structure of the different cell types) 3. What name is given to the plane in the center of the cell where chromosomes align during metaphase? 4. Which stage of mitosis is most often associated with the...
The G1 phase of the cell cycle is particularly important for control of proliferation. Discuss, with...
The G1 phase of the cell cycle is particularly important for control of proliferation. Discuss, with emphasis on the genetics of the following G1 specific tumor suppressors: RB1, TP53, and CDKN2A. (MIn 2 and a half pages)
1. Which checkpoint and phase of the cell cycle is the expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2...
1. Which checkpoint and phase of the cell cycle is the expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2 the greatest? What is the function of BRCA1 and why would it make sense that its expression is high at the checkpoint/phase of the cell cycle? 2. Outline the two parts of the eukaryotic cell cycle and describe the three main checkpoints in cell cycle regulation.
1. Which checkpoint and phase of the cell cycle is the expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2...
1. Which checkpoint and phase of the cell cycle is the expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2 the greatest? What is the function of BRCA1 and why would it make sense that its expression is high at the checkpoint/phase of the cell cycle? 2. Outline the two parts of the eukaryotic cell cycle and describe the three main checkpoints in cell cycle regulation. *PLEASE ANSWER QUESTIONS AS SIMPLY AS POSSIBLE. I AM IN A BASIC GENETICS COURSE* *The answers should be...
ADVERTISEMENT
Subjects
ADVERTISEMENT
Latest Questions
ADVERTISEMENT