Question

Explain simple Vs Structured datatypes in
detail. in C++

Answer 1

Simple Datatypes in C++
        Simple data type can only store one value at a time
        1.Integral      
                Integral type can declare - 
                        Integer values, Signed and Unsigned both, 
                                ex. int,signed short int,unsigned short int
                        Boolean values,where true or false can be stored as 1 and 0
                        Characters,which is converted to int by compiler automatically
                                ex.char,signed char,unsigned char
        2.Enum
                Enumerated type is a user-defined datatype which can be assigned some limited
                values.
                These values are defined by the programmer at the time of declaring the enumerated
                type
                For ex. For gender we can use enum as it will only limit user to select from some
                limited options
        3.Floating
                Floating types uses an IEEE-754 representation to provide an approximation
                of fractional values over a wide range of magnitudes
                FOllowing are floating types in c++
                        float 
                                this is the smallest floating pointer in c++
                        double 
                                this is larger than float,but shorter than long double
                        long double
                                is larger than double
        
        EXAMPLE IN C++
                int myNum = 5;               // Integer (whole number)
                float myFloatNum = 5.99;     // Floating point number
                double myDoubleNum = 9.98;   // Floating point number
                char myLetter = 'D';         // Character
                bool myBoolean = true;       // Boolean
        OUTPUT
                int: 5
                float: 5.99
                double: 9.98
                char: D
                bool: 1

Sructered Datatypes in C++
        Structured data can store each dataitem as a collection of other data items
        in structured data rype,the entire collection uses a single identifier name
        The purpose of structured datat types is to group related data of various types for 
        convinient access using same identifier
        
        1.Array
                Array is a collection of fixed number of components of same type
                One dimensional array is array in which components are arranged in list form
                Two dimensional array is array in which components are arranged in tabular form
                Example :
                        int num[5]
                        char str[10]
                        int twoDarray[10][10]
        2.struct
                A struct is a structure user defined data type in c++
                A structure creates a data type that can be used to group items possibly
                different types into a single type
                Example :
                        struct Point 
                        { 
                                int x, y; 
                        } p1;
        3.class
                class is the building block of c++ which leads it to object oriented
                programming
                It is a user-defined data type,which holds its own data members and members
                functions,which can be accessed and used by creating an instance of that clss
                Example :
                        class Student{
                                int studentId = 1;
                                int getStudentId()
                                {
                                        return studentId;
                                }
                        }