Question

When we consume carbohydrate, it gets digested and absorbed as glucose. It is then stored in the liver and muscle as _______________________. When we consume insufficient energy, our body draws on stored glycogen and breaks it down into _______________ to be used as energy.

What parts of the body require glucose as an energy substrate?

1. .

2. .

3. .

When glycogen stores are fully depleted, the body needs to derive energy from other substrates. Protein in the body is broken down into amino acids. What are these converted into to provide energy for the brain? _______________________________________________

What other two compounds are produced as a result of this process?

1. .

2. .

If we consume protein in excess of our needs, it is stored as ________________________. The waste product of this reaction is ______________________________.

Fat consumed in excess of our needs is stored in adipose tissue. When energy consumed is inadequate and glycogen stores are depleted, our stored fat is broken down into fatty acids. What else is formed when these are used to form glucose for the brain? _________________________

What happens to our metabolic rate as a consequence of prolonged fasting ? __________

identify at least three environmental influences on our food consumption:

1. .

2. .

3. .

identify which macronutrients best promote satiation and satiety.

Satiation:

Satiety:

list the four main components of energy expenditure:

1. .

2. .

3. .

4. .

We also looked at factors that influence the basal metabolic rate. What is the most significant predictor of basal metabolic rate? ________________________________________

Answer 1

1.) When we consume carbohydrate, it gets digested and absorbed as glucose. It is then stored in the liver and muscle as _Glycogen_. When we consume insufficient energy, our body draws on stored glycogen and breaks it down into _Glucose_ to be used as energy.

What parts of the body require glucose as an energy substrate? Brain

2.) When glycogen stores are fully depleted, the body needs to derive energy from other substrates. Protein in the body is broken down into amino acids. What are these converted into to provide energy for the brain? _Glucose_

What other two compounds are produced as a result of this process? Urea and Ammonium

• During starvation, 2 amino acids- Glutamine and alanine are 2 proteins which accounts for more than halfamino acid released. Alanine is taken up by liver and it's C chain is coverted into Glucose while N chain gives Urea. Glutamine provides Ammonium for excretion of ketone bodies.

3.) If we consume protein in excess of our needs, it is stored as _Fat_. The waste product of this reaction is _Surplus of amino acids_.

4.) Fat consumed in excess of our needs is stored in adipose tissue. When energy consumed is inadequate and glycogen stores are depleted, our stored fat is broken down into fatty acids. What else is formed when these are used to form glucose for the brain? _Heat and waste products(water and Co2)_

Please ask the rest of your questions separately. Thank-you!!