Question

2.   Briefly describe How does Health Care Policy for Advocacy in Health Care affects and related to medication adherence amongst African Americans diagnosed with Hypertension

Answer 1

Adherence refers to the participatants and motivation and the self efficacy and the willingness to follow the professional directives in talking the medication .

Medication refers to the substances that are prescribed by the medical professional .

Hypertension , in this persistent the systolic blood pressure that above 140 mmHg and diastolic above 90 mmHg for more than 6 months.

African American has faced the challenges with regarded to the medication Adherence as because of the complexity of the African American life and the comorbidity and also to the access to care . African American have faced the significant disparagement in terms of the access to the care , in obtain the quality care and gaining the quality health outcomes for the several chronic diseases as like the hypertension , In the desired outcomes as respected to the African Americans and the hypertension ,it s often related to the community and the cultural perspectives view . As the significant of the medication Adherence to the African Americans as itr came from the Kochanek et al , as who indicated that the medication adherence has now becomes the most  leading factor that impede the successful control of the hypertension amongs the African Americans . .Their are the numerous factors that dictate when individually with in the African Americans household take the medication . Oftenly ,The African American postpone and ignore the issues of the medication and the such later such practices leads to increasing the morbidity and mortality . The    issues of the medication adherence is from the cultural and the social also the contextual position is   lacking . As despite the importance of the social determminant s in terms of the hypretension control and the among African American , it s important to focued on the relationship between the hypertension and the social networks as from the prespectives of the interplaying among the racial and the ethnic support as with resperct to the hypertension . For the best out come s and to improved in the hypertension among the Africans Americans then focused on the significant social factors like emotional support , financial support and the martial support because the an inverse correlation existed between the social support and the hypertension . Also the health belief of the African American having the direct relevance to the hypertension medication adherence .In the health care policy there are several health models that claims to improving the wellbeing of the patient and also abeit to increase the self efficacy as such health care model incorporate to design that helps in how the patient demographics and the psychological development factors into the behaviours that are conducive to the medication adherence . such models includes the hram reduction model and HBM and also health eduction model that may provide the information which helps in approching to provide the insight into the unknown behaviour patterns definitively associated with the medication adherence .

HARM REDUCTION MODEL

As health care policy which include the health reduction model that deal with the homelessness and to reduce the effect of the hypertension and also the other certain diseases liek HIV .The patient who use the medication in the long term often having the concerns that related to the long term effects of the such medication and such may embark on the harem reduction methods .The healthcare practitioners can effectively use the reduction methods as to eductae the patient about the benefits of the medication adherence .

HEALTH BELIEF MODEL

The health belief model is based on the needs as to obtain the better result from the health programms and also the needs to be adaptable as to be a wide range of the health care situattion The health beief model is the kind of the feature of the transtheortical model of the change and this is based on the 4 unique constructs as such like a presonal susceptibility to a disease , the belief as that the disease severity will be a significant threat and aslo the belief is there will be benefits from the action and a belief the barriers to intervention will be the minimized . As the health belief of the African American has the direct relevance to the hypertension medication adherence , The health belief model can be act as instrumental in the modifying the behaviours that may result in the better adherence ., the advising and the counseling that can be pivotal in increasing the level of the adherence experienced

ADHERENCE MODEL  

this model also called as the Information motivation behavioural skills model of the adherence that worked to examine the different skills that are needed for the medictaion adherence .It posist the three main categories which intract that to produce the adherence behaviours and also may improve the efficacy of the medication adherence ;-

Adherence typed information that inclued the prescribed instruction , medication detailed as like the side effects , difficulties taking the medication such as about the taste and the smell  

Personal and social influences that included the social norms and attitudes that are within the community or the culture

Adherence to the behavioural skills that must includes the self efficacy and the willingness to the incorporate the necessary skills into a routine .

The combination of all these three categories are must be lead to the correct medication and use to yeild the appropriate outcome .

As the hypertension is a disease that is easy to diagnose but this disease becomes challenging as when it enters the phase which is required the self management .The lack of the health insurance or the access to the affordable care must be oftenly compounds the challenges as it faced in the self management phase . So the Affordable Care Act was designed to address the issues that relating to access to care and also to provide the means by which the haelth disparaged individual could receive the assurance of the soem degree of access to the care . The act expanded as Medicaid and Medicare to be included the individual as who would find it to be the most difficult to have the same level of the care without such support . But the despite the spirit and the intent of the Affordable Care Act as many of the individual continue to the experience the barriers as w hen the accessing the care as such like barriers often that means the denial or the interruption in the care . Approx teh 20- 50% of all the hypertensive patient experience the difficulty that complying with the prescribed the instruction As such the noncomplice oftenly means that the patient do not adhere to their medicatiobn regimen .The incorporating effective self management strategies is therefore an the important consideration in increasing the medication adherence . Also the other significant barriers is to care and the adherence that include the transportantion and the income .A sizable % of the African American that experiencing difficulties in maintianing a steady income and hence the issues which are oftenly transportation and the prioritizing the need for the medication over the basic needs .Therefore the house holds income that has a positively relationship with the affording the medication and with medication adherence . . So , sa the hypertension is such as the huge public health challenge ,as it especially among the racial and the ethnic minorties such as the African American ,the developing policies and the other kind s of the procedures that can address the isues and improving the such outcomes and becomes a challenge to the health care practitioners. and the outcomes to be    positive .