Questions
Buffers in Medicine The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates the pH of a buffer solution to the pKa...

Buffers in Medicine

The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates the pH of a buffer solution to the pKa of its conjugate acid and the ratio of the concentrations of the conjugate base and acid. The equation is important in laboratory work that makes use of buffered solutions, in industrial processes where pH needs to be controlled, and in medicine, where understanding the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is critical for the control of blood pH.

Part A

As a technician in a large pharmaceutical research firm, you need to produce 250.mL of 1.00 M a phosphate buffer solution of pH = 7.18. The pKa of H2PO4? is 7.21. You have 2.00 L of 1.00 M KH2PO4 solution and 1.50 L of 1.00 M K2HPO4 solution, as well as a carboy of pure distilled H2O. How much 1.00 M KH2PO4 will you need to make this solution?

Express your answer numerically in milliliters to three significant figures.

Volume of KH2PO4 needed =   mL  

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The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation in medicine

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and bicarbonate (HCO3?) concentrations in the bloodstream are physiologically controlled to keep blood pH constant at a normal value of 7.4.

Physicians use the following modified form of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to track changes in blood pH:

pH=pKa+log[HCO3?](0.030)(PCO2)

where [HCO3?] is given in millimoles/liter and the arterial blood partial pressure of CO2 is given in mmHg. The pKa of carbonic acid is 6.1. Hyperventilation causes a physiological state in which the concentration of CO2 in the bloodstream drops. The drop in the partial pressure of CO2 constricts arteries and reduces blood flow to the brain, causing dizziness or even fainting.

Part B

If the normal physiological concentration of HCO3? is 24 mM, what is the pH of blood if PCO2 drops to 35.0mmHg ?

Express your answer numerically using one decimal place.

pH =

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In: Chemistry

in the experiment, a vitamin C tablet was dissolved in water and diluted to 100 ml....

in the experiment, a vitamin C tablet was dissolved in water and diluted to 100 ml. A student took 50 ml of solution to titrate. The titration volume of 0.025 M KIO3 (aq) was 15.8 ml. Calculate the ascorbic acid content per tablet. The molar mass of vitamin C is 176 g/mol

IO3- + 5I- + 6H+ = 3I2 + H20 C6H8O6 + I2 = C6H8O6 + 2I- + 2H+

According to the experiment, whihc of the following is correct

a) vitamin c is also called ascorbic acid

b) Iodide ion I- react with stgarch indicator to form the complex

c) Vitamin C is an ionic compound and soluble in water

d) vitamin C is used as a reducing agent

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(HW5-27) The amount of energy released by burning a fuel source, measured in energy per mass,...

(HW5-27)

The amount of energy released by burning a fuel source, measured in energy per mass, is called the fuel value. If all the energy obtained from burning 1.27 pounds of butane (fuel value is 10.85 kcal/g) is used to heat 127.5 kg of water at an initial temperature of 18.7 °C, what is the final temperature?

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Which neutral atom is isoelectronic with each of the following ions: Ga3+, Ca2+, Mn7+, K+, Pb2+?...

Which neutral atom is isoelectronic with each of the following ions: Ga3+, Ca2+, Mn7+, K+, Pb2+?

Express your answers as chemical symbols separated by commas.

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Henderson-Hasselback ( please solve using this equation!) You need to make a 0.1M solution of Glycine...

Henderson-Hasselback ( please solve using this equation!)

You need to make a 0.1M solution of Glycine (9.4), however your lab is completely out of glycine powder. you do however have 1 liter of 0.1M glycine pH 9 and 1 liter of 0.1M Glcine pH 10. How could you mix these two solutions togther to generate 200ml of your desired solution. pKA of glucine 9.25.

please outline all the steps as clearly as you can.

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1. On an index card or piece of notebook paper, draw a structure (see #3 below)...

1. On an index card or piece of notebook paper, draw a structure (see #3 below)

2. For the structure you draw, indicate how many total peaks it would have in its regular 13C NMR spectrum, how many DEPT 90 peaks, how many negative peaks in the DEPT 135, and finally how many positive peaks in DEPT 135.

3. Please use the following parameters for your structure:

LAST NAME A-C: a compound with 8 carbons or less that does NOT include a ring

LAST NAME D-H: a compound with between 9 and 12 carbons that includes a ring

LAST NAME L-Sal: a compound with 8 carbons or less that includes a ring

LAST NAME Set-W:    a compound with between 9 and 12 carbons that does NOT include a ring

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Problem 10.33 Complete the following table for an ideal gas: P V n T 2.10 atm...

Problem 10.33

Complete the following table for an ideal gas:

P V n T
2.10 atm 1.40 L 0.480 mol ? K
0.320 atm 0.250 L ? mol 22 ∘C
670 torr ? L 0.333 mol 360 K
? atm 595 mL 0.260 mol 295 K

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determine the mass in grams of pentane that must be added to 49g of benzene to...

determine the mass in grams of pentane that must be added to 49g of benzene to make a 1.86 m solution.

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Rank the following elements by electron affinity, from most positive to most negative EA value Bi,...

Rank the following elements by electron affinity, from most positive to most negative EA value

Bi, Cl,Te,He,Na

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Predict whether or not a precipitate will form upon mixing 175.0 mL of a 0.0055 MKCl...

Predict whether or not a precipitate will form upon mixing 175.0 mL of a 0.0055 MKCl solution with 145.0 mL of a 0.0015 M AgNO3 solution. Identify the precipitate, if any. Express your answer as a chemical formula.

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Consider the reaction occurring at 25∘C. A(s)+ B2+(aq)→ A   2+(aq)+ B(s) ΔGorxn=−11.0 kJ Determine the value...

Consider the reaction occurring at 25∘C.

A(s)+ B2+(aq)→ A   2+(aq)+ B(s) ΔGorxn=−11.0 kJ

Determine the value of E∘cell and K for the reaction and complete the table.

[B2+] (M) [A2+] (M) Q Ecell ΔGrxn
1.00 1.00
1.00 1.00×10−4
1.00×10−4 1.00
1.18×10−2 1.00

What is the value Ecell and K

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Sodium trioxalatocobaltate (III) trihydrate is prepared by the following reactions: [Co(H2O)6Cl2] + K2C2O4 *H2O >>> Co2O4...

Sodium trioxalatocobaltate (III) trihydrate is prepared by the following reactions:
[Co(H2O)6Cl2] + K2C2O4 *H2O >>> Co2O4 + 7 H2O

2CoC2O4 + H2O2 + 4 Na2C2O4 >>> 2 Na3[Co (C2O4)3*H2O + 2NaOH

what is the percent yield of Na3[Co (C2O4)3*H2O if 7.6 grams are obtained from 12.5 grams of [Co(H2O)6]Cl2 ? ( assume excess amount of the other reagents.)

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calculate E cell at 298 K (25 c) for Zn (s) + Cu 2+ (aq) -->...

calculate E cell at 298 K (25 c) for Zn (s) + Cu 2+ (aq) --> Zn 2+ (aq) + Cu (s) when [Zn 2+]=.0010 M and [Cu 2+]=.10 M

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Determine the mg of aspirin in a commercial aspirin tablet labeled to contain 5 grains using...

Determine the mg of aspirin in a commercial aspirin tablet labeled to contain 5 grains using the following data: 800.0 mg of pure aspirin was treated as the experiment called for and diluted to exactly 1000.0 mL. A reagent blank was prepared and set to read 0.00 absorbance. Exactly 10.00 and 5.00 mL of the standard aspirin solution were each treated with 10 mL of Fe 3+ solution, diluted to exactly 100.0 mL and found to have absorbances of 0.837 and 0.410 respectively. A 374.5 mg commercial aspirin tablet was treated as the experiment called for and diluted to exactly 500.0 mL. Exactly 10.00 and 5.00 mL of the sample solution were each treated with 10 mL of Fe 3+ solution, diluted to exactly 100.0 mL and found to have absorbances of 0.694 and 0.336 respectively. Comment

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Terephthalic acid is an important chemical used in the manufacture of polyesters and plasticizers. It contains...

Terephthalic acid is an important chemical used in the manufacture of polyesters and plasticizers. It contains only C, H, and O. Combustion of 20.40 mg terephthalic acid produces 43.23 mg CO2 and 6.64 mg H2O. If 0.271 mole of terephthalic acid has a mass of 45.0 g, determine the molecular formula for terephthalic acid

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