Explain the effects of hypocalcemia in the body. Why muscle cells (cardiac vs skeletal) are affected...

Explain the effects of hypocalcemia in the body. Why muscle cells (cardiac vs skeletal) are affected differently? Explain the symptoms seen in the heart and compare them to skeletal muscle symptoms.

Expert Solution

Answer - Hypocalcemia in which serum calcium level less than 8.6 mg per dl. Calcium affects all parts of body.

Hypocalcemia cause following changes in body -

- Decrease heart rate

-Decrease peripheral pulse

- Hypotension

- Tingling sensation arround lips, tongue, finger, feet areas.

- Painful muscles spasm in calf muscles areas, foot areas.

- Skeletol muscles twitching, tetany, cramps, seizures are seen.

- pareshthesia or hyperactive deep tendon reflex.

- GI motility increase or hyperactive bowel sounds

- Diarrhea, abdominal cramps.

Cardiac muscle is involuntary and striated and it's only found in heart. Calcium regulate cardiac muscle Contraction and metabolism activity. Its deficiency cause irregular heart muscles contraction, abnormal heart rhythm, decrease cardiac output.

Skeletol muscle involuntary, striated, long multinucleated. Hypocalcemia cause electrolyte balance disturbance leads to muscle spasm, twiches, tatany, pareshthesia etc.

Heart relating symptoms in Hypocalcemia includes irregular heart rhythm and diminish peripheral pulse or hypotension.

Skeletol muscle system includes hyperactive deep tendon reflex, painful muscle spasm, pareshthesia, muscle cramps, tatany symptoms are seen.

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