Question

Garden Sales, Inc., sells garden supplies. Management is planning its cash needs for the second quarter. The company usually has to borrow money during this quarter to support peak sales of lawn care equipment, which occur during May. The following information has been assembled to assist in preparing a cash budget for the quarter:

1. Budgeted monthly absorption costing income statements for April–July are:

	April		May		June		July
Sales	$	660,000	$	1,160,000	$	620,000	$	530,000
Cost of goods sold		462,000		812,000		434,000		371,000
Gross margin		198,000		348,000		186,000		159,000
Selling and administrative expenses:
Selling expense		123,000		111,000		73,000		53,000
Administrative expense*		51,000		69,600		45,200		50,000
Total selling and administrative expenses		174,000		180,600		118,200		103,000
Net operating income	$	24,000	$	167,400	$	67,800	$	56,000

*Includes $34,000 of depreciation each month.

2. Sales are 20% for cash and 80% on account.

3. Sales on account are collected over a three-month period with 10% collected in the month of sale; 70% collected in the first month following the month of sale; and the remaining 20% collected in the second month following the month of sale. February’s sales totaled $290,000, and March’s sales totaled $305,000.

4. Inventory purchases are paid for within 15 days. Therefore, 50% of a month’s inventory purchases are paid for in the month of purchase. The remaining 50% is paid in the following month. Accounts payable at March 31 for inventory purchases during March total $131,600.

5. Each month’s ending inventory must equal 20% of the cost of the merchandise to be sold in the following month. The merchandise inventory at March 31 is $92,400.

6. Dividends of $41,000 will be declared and paid in April.

7. Land costing $49,000 will be purchased for cash in May.

8. The cash balance at March 31 is $63,000; the company must maintain a cash balance of at least $40,000 at the end of each month.

9. The company has an agreement with a local bank that allows the company to borrow in increments of $1,000 at the beginning of each month, up to a total loan balance of $200,000. The interest rate on these loans is 1% per month and for simplicity we will assume that interest is not compounded. The company would, as far as it is able, repay the loan plus accumulated interest at the end of the quarter

The company’s president is interested in knowing how reducing inventory levels and collecting accounts receivable sooner will impact the cash budget. He revises the cash collection and ending inventory assumptions as follows:

1. Sales continue to be 20% for cash and 80% on credit. However, credit sales from April, May, and June are collected over a three-month period with 25% collected in the month of sale, 65% collected in the month following sale, and 10% in the second month following sale. Credit sales from February and March are collected during the second quarter using the collection percentages specified in the main section.

2. The company maintains its ending inventory levels for April, May, and June at 15% of the cost of merchandise to be sold in the following month. The merchandise inventory at March 31 remains $92,400 and accounts payable for inventory purchases at March 31 remains $131,600.

Required:

1. Using the president’s new assumptions in (a) above, prepare a schedule of expected cash collections for April, May, and June and for the quarter in total.

	Schedule of Expected Cash Collections April May June Quarter Cash sales Sales on account: February March April May June Total cash collections

2. Using the president’s new assumptions in (b) above, prepare the following for merchandise inventory:

a. A merchandise purchases budget for April, May, and June

	Merchandise Purchases Budget April May June Total needs Required inventory purchases

b. A schedule of expected cash disbursements for merchandise purchases for April, May, and June and for the quarter in total

	Schedule of Expected Cash Disbursements for Merchandise Purchases April May June Quarter April purchases May purchases June purchases Total cash disbursements

3. Using the president’s new assumptions, prepare a cash budget for April, May, and June, and for the quarter in total

Garden Sales, Inc. Cash Budget For the Quarter Ended June 30 April May June Quarter Beginning cash balance Add collections from customers Total cash available Less cash disbursements: Purchases for inventory Selling expenses Administrative expenses Land purchases Dividends paid Total cash disbursements Excess (deficiency) of cash available over disbursements Financing: Borrowings Repayment Interest Total financing Ending cash balance

Answer 1

1.

Schedule of Expected Cash Collections
	April	May	June	Quarter
Cash Sales (20%)	$           132,000	$           232,000	$            124,000	$         488,000
Credit Sales
February	$             46,400			$           46,400
March	$           170,800	$             48,800		$         219,600
April	$             52,800	$           369,600	$            105,600	$         528,000
May		$             92,800	$            649,600	$         742,400
June			$              49,600	$           49,600
Total Cash Collections	$           402,000	$           743,200	$            928,800	$     2,074,000

2a.

Merchandise Purchase Budget
	April	May	June	Quarter
Cost of Goods Sold	$           462,000	$           812,000	$            434,000	$     1,708,000
Add : Desired Ending Inventory	$           162,400	$             86,800	$              74,200	$           74,200
Total Needs	$           624,400	$           898,800	$            508,200	$     1,782,200
Less Beginning Inventory	$             92,400	$           162,400	$              86,800	$           92,400
Merchandise Purchase	$           532,000	$           736,400	$            421,400	$     1,689,800

2b.

	April	May	June	Quarter
March Purchases	$           131,600			$         131,600
April Purchases	$           266,000	$           266,000		$         532,000
May Purchases		$           368,200	$            368,200	$         736,400
June Purchases			$            210,700	$         210,700
Total Cash Disbursements	$           397,600	$           634,200	$            578,900	$     1,610,700

3.

Cash Budget
	April	May	June	Quarter
Beginning Cash	$             63,000	$             40,400	$              40,800	$           63,000
Total Cash Collections	$           402,000	$           743,200	$            928,800	$     2,074,000
Total Cash Available	$           465,000	$           783,600	$            969,600	$     2,137,000
Deduct : Disbursements
For Merchandise purchase	$           397,600	$           634,200	$            578,900	$     1,610,700
Selling Expense	$           123,000	$           111,000	$              73,000	$         307,000
Administrative expense	$             17,000	$             35,600	$              11,200	$           63,800
Purchase of Land		$             49,000		$           49,000
Dividend Paid	$             41,000			$           41,000
Total Disbursements	$           578,600	$           829,800	$            663,100	$     2,071,500
Excess (Deficiency) of cash	$         -113,600	$            -46,200	$            306,500	$           65,500
Financing
Borrowing	$           154,000	$             87,000		$         241,000
Interest			$               -6,360	$            -6,360
Repayment			$          -241,000	$       -241,000
Total Financing	$           154,000	$             87,000	$          -247,360	$            -6,360
Ending Balance	$             40,400	$             40,800	$              59,140	$           59,140