Question

how neoadjuvant therapy is use to treat inflammatory breast cancer and what is the immunological response? e.g cell and pathways

Answer 1

ans:-) Neoadjuvant therapy is the pre-operative treatment of tumours with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and endocrine therapy. It was originally used for its impact on surgery, downstaging tumours, and allowing breast-conserving surgery rather than mastectomy.neoadjuvant therapy offers potential opportunities for response prediction and relatively quick assessment for drug development and approval in breast cancer by monitoring benefit from the intervention at early stages of disease. Analysis of gene expression changes in patient-matched sequential samples collected before and on treatment may be a promising way to consider the molecular changes that occur during treatment that are required for response. Analysis of gene expression changes in patient-matched sequential samples collected before and on treatment may be a promising way to consider the molecular changes that occur during treatment that are required for response .

The expression level of the T-cell-related marker CD3D was significantly increased in patients who achieved pCR . Other studies have shown that tumor infiltration by CD3+ and CD8+ T-cells was significantly higher in breast cancer patients with than without pCR . In contrast, the appearance of forkhead box P3 (FOXP3)+ regulatory T-cells (Treg cells) has been linked to poor patient prognosis and an inadequate response to therapy in breast cancer patients, suggesting that such T-cells are involved in the regulation of the immune response, suppressing both T-cell proliferation and cytokine production . We therefore evaluated the predictive value of tumor-associated lymphocyte appearance in breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline/taxane- or herceptin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Lymphoid infiltration (LI) was enumerated in pretreatment biopsies, and the presence of CD3+, CD8+, and FOXP3+ T-cells was immunohistochemically evaluated.