After the 9/11 attack on United States, the decision of US to
invade Iraq has ignited turmoil in the country which is still
there. The US invaded in the year 2005 in hunt of major terrorists
that were involved in the 9/11 attack, however, after few years,
the US has decided to leave the country citing military and
economical challenges for itself. After the withdrawl of US troops
from Iraq. Iraq has became a nation with political and economical
instability. After saddam hussain's reign ended, there were no
effective political alternative that was available with the country
and this has given opportunity to radical terrorists group like
ISIS to take control over country. This has led to cold war in
country among ISIS and Iraq citizens and various external countries
were also involved within the same. According to a stats, Iraq is
considered as the world's 11th most unstable country in the world.
Some of the key challenges that is faced by Iraq are listed as
follows:
- Political challenges: The main challenge that Iraq faces is to
have a stable government which democratically elected by the people
of Iraq and not by external countries. This can be achieved by
avoiding external country;s interest in Iraq and keeping Iraq's
people and population on priority. A consensus government is the
need of the hour. The main challenge is to bring shiite and sunni
politicians on the same table to think beyond their religions and
cast etc. and think about the country.
- Economical challenges: The economy of Iraq has seen its worst
face in the previous decade, it has completely collapsed with
inflation skyrocketing, however with third largest oil reserves in
the world, Iraq can stabilize it economy with the revenue
generated. The country is facing a housing crisis in which demand
exceeds supply. There is a need to build around 2.5 million homes
which are being destroyed during the war of which only 5% is being
fulfilled by the Private businesses and the government. Proper
sanitation and water facilities needs to be provided in an
effective manner by the government in the longer run.
- Population Trends: The country is having a population of around
37 million. Due to war many people left their home and shifted to
neighboring countries. The need is to restore the confidence of
such people who evacuated and bring them back to the country.
Around 75-80 % population of the country is consist of Arabs while
only 15% is Kurd's.
- Relationship with neighboring countries: In order to maintain
peace in the country, Iraq has to make sure that it maintains a
good relationship with not only its neighboring countries like Iran
and Saudi Arabia but also with Super power like US and NATO forces.
The superpower countries can help Iraq in rebuilding itself and
acting as lender of last resort for most of its issues. Good
relations will breed good environment and prosperity in the country
and will also boost economic growth in the longer run.