A) Define 5 types of detergents and write the name and structure of examples of each....

A) Define 5 types of detergents and write the name and structure of examples of each.

B) Write the name and describe the function of 5 different additives that are used in the soap industry, in the formulation of this type of commercial products.

Expert Solution

A) The five types of detergents are cationic; anionic; non-ionic and zwitterionic detergents.

Anionic detergents have their polar heads made of anionic groups like carboxylate or sulphonate. (eg) sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate

Cationic detergents have cationic polar heads, usually quarternary ammonium ions. (eg) Cetrimonium bromide

Non-ionic detergents have uncharged polar heads which have hydrophilic groups that do not ionize easily but are polar due to their extensive polar interactions. Usually non-ionic detergents have glycosidic heads. (eg) n-Octyl beta-D-thioglucopyranoside

Zwitterionic detergents are composed of polar groups which have both positive and negatively charged groups (eg) CHAPS (acronym for 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate).

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 year ago

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