Question

1.Define these Basic concepts:

Cross-fertilization,

self-cross

test-cross

Genotype/phenotype,

dominant/recessive,

homozygous/heterozygous/hemizygous

Mendel’s laws of inheritance: equal segregation and independent assortment.

How Mendel’s experiments were different from others?

Chromosomal theory of inheritance (evidence to support it?) and its relation to life cycle.

Autosome,

sex chromosome,

homologous

differential regions

hemizygote Penetrance,

expressivity,

lethality,

incomplete dominance

Genetic map,

crossing-over,

linkage analysis,

map unit,

recombinant frequency

Answer 1

Answer=

Cross-fertilization= is defined as the fusion of male and female gamete from different indivuals of same species.

self-cross = the transfer of pollen from anthers to the stigma of the same flower or of another flower on the same plant .

test-cross =A genetic cross between a homozygous recessive indivual and a corresponding suspected heterozygote to determine the genotype of the latter.

Genotype/phenotype,= is the set of genes in our DNA which is responsible for a particular trait.

phenotype- Is the physical expression or characteristics of that trait.

dominant/recessive-= dominant trait is one that is phenotypically expressed in heterozygotes.

recessive- trait which is expressed only when two copies of the gene are present.

homozygous/heterozygous/hemizygous = If both alleles of a diploid organism are the same ,the organism is homozygous.

heterozygous - two allles are different.

hemizygous -when only one copy is present.