Question

The Awake allele in the zygote (fertilized egg) that will develop into a normal dog eventually will be found in all the body cells as the dog matures. The allele is provided to each new cell during ____.

		DNA restriction
		transcription
		translation
		mitosis
		both (a) and (b)

Answer 1

The correct option is the fourth one (Mitosis)

Alleles are variants of a gene at a particular locus on chromosome. Availability of a given allele in all the cells of body happens because of mitosis. Mitosis drives the development of a single celled zygote into a fully grown adult. This development is driven by mitosis. DNA replication happens before each cycle of mitosis for the maintenance of same chromosome number . High fidelity DNA replication ensures that same allele is exactely copied and distributed in every daughter cell. Hence, repeated DNA replication and subsequent repeated mitosis maintains the genetic uniformity of each cell of the organism. This ensures that the given Awake allele is present in all the cells of Dog.

First option is incorrect as DNA restriction does not ensures availability of allele in each cell. It is not so that same allele is being cut by restriction enzymes and distributed as it will render the allele short and non functional.

Second and third options are also incorrect as transcription and translation are related to synthesis of RNA. and protein respectively. Whereas, allele is a variant of a gene made up of DNA and present at a particular position on chromosome. RNA and protein do not form any part of DNA (chromosome).