Question

15.The Sia Company manufacturers laptops. Some of the company's data was misplaced. Use the following information to replace the lost data: Actual Flexible Flexible Sales Volume Static Results Variances Budget Variance Budget Units Sold 500 500 450 Revenues (A) $5,000 F $190,000 (B) $171,000 Variable Costs $147,500 $2,500 F (C) $15,000 U $135,000 Fixed Costs $25,000 (D) $20,000 $20,000 Operating Income $22,500 $2,500 F $20,000 (E) $16,000 Required: ( All 1 mark each) a. What are the actual revenues (A)? (1 mark) b. What is the sales-volume revenue variance (B)? (1 mark) c. What are the flexible budget variable costs (C)? (1 mark) d. What is the flexible-budget fixed cost variance (D)? (1 mark) e. What is the sales-volume operating income variance (E)?

Answer 1

To solve this question just input those variables which are to be used in logistic regression, as the question talks about using two variables only that is total loans and leases to total assets & total expenses/ total assets, so we will not input total cap/assets as an input variable in our excel, here we go

As one can see, we have taken only two variables , total exp/assets and total lns & leases/ assets in calculation, follwing steps have been followed to construct the above table

1. Assume logit= b0+ b1* independent variable1+ b2* independent variable 2 , take values of b0=0.1, b1=0.1, b2=0.1, note that these values of b0, b1 and b2 are just taken for calculation, one could assume any values here for bo , b1 and b2

2. Calculate exponential of logit in the next column by using exp (value in previous column)

3. Calculate probability by using formula, probability= exp (logit)/ { 1+ exp(logit)} in the next column

4. In next column, calculate log likelihood by using formula : financial condition value (i.e. 1 or 0) * LN( probability calculated in previous column) + (1- financial condition value)* LN( 1- probability calculated in previous column)

5. take the total of the column values of log likelihood

6. use solver function in excel to change this total by putting max value of 0 and changing the variable cells containing assumed values of b0, b1 and b2 , by clicking on solve, you will get actual values of b0, b1 and b2

which comes out to be b0=-14.72, b1=89.83, b2= 8.37

therefore you will get logit as

-14.72+ 89.83* Total exp/assets+8.37*Total lns & lsses/ assets

With values given in the question as total exp/ assets= 0.11 and total loans & leases/ assets= 0.6 , we get

logit as -14.72+ 89.83* 0.11+ 8.37*0.6= 0.1833

exp (logit) = 1.20

Probability= 0.546

Loglikelihood= 1*LN(0.546)+0*LN(1-0.546)= LN(0.546)= -0.605