Question

Excess production of ketone bodies can occur in a diabetic liver cell when the level of

a-NADH is very low

b- fatty acids are very low

c-oxaloacetate is very low

d-acetyl Co-A is very low

Answer 1

Excess production of ketone bodies occur in a diabetic liver cells when the oxaloacetate level is low.

The acetyl coA enters the citric acid and reacts with oxaloacetate and gets oxidised in the mitochondria for energy. This takes place only when oxaloacetate is abundant.

When there is low amounts of oxaloacetate then the acetyl coA cannot bind with oxaloacetate so 2 acetylcoa reacts with each other to form acetoacetate which is a ketone body.

Ketone bodies are acetoacetate, hydroxybutryic acid and acetone.

In brain, ketone bodies are used to make acetlcoA into long chain fatty acids.

In diabetic patient, there is deficiency of insuin, so there is no utilisation of glucose and therefore there is no energy.

To compensate this ,fats are broken down to fatty acids to release energy.

These fatty acids on undergoing beta oxidation produces acetyloA , this acetyl coA on condensation with another acetyl coA produces acetoacetate which is a ketone body.

So, when fatty acids are low, ketone bodies are also low, and when fatty acids are more, ketone bodies are also more.

So 2 nd option is false.

Therefore 3 rd option is correct.