Question

1. In your opinion, what is one overarching theme of genetics? There is no right or wrong answer, but you must support your position with information learned in class.

2. A diploid organism has the genotype AaBbCcDd. The four genes are on different chromosomes. In the diagrams requested, illustrate only these four pairs of chromosomes and label each copy of each allele on chromosomes and sister chromatids. For simplicity assume crossing over is not occurring.

a. Diagram any correct mitotic metaphase, illustrate four pairs of chromosomes, and label the alleles.

b. Diagram any correct meiotic metaphase II, illustrate these four pairs of chromosomes, and label the alleles.

c. Compare the outcome of mitosis with the outcome of meiosis in terms of the number of chromosomesand the genotype of the cells produced.

Answer 1

1. In genetics, we are studying the inheritance of characters across generations in a family. But I think that the overall aim of studying these characters is to combat genetic diseases and to select for beneficial traits in organisms which we also called as artificial breeding.

We are studying various chapters under this subject. But in the end we apply our knowledge in order to treat genetic disorders and select for beneficial traits. For example, we are learning pedigrees, punnett squares and nowadays new techniques like CRISPR cas9, TALEN, all are ultimately used for one thing, determine the inheritance of traits in a family and then if required perform genome editing.

So in one line, according to me genetics is a subject which is used for the benefits of the society.

Mitotic metaphase	Metaphase 2
Cell is diploid	cell is haploid
Independent assortment is not observed	independent assortment is observed
Two diploid daughter cells are formed	four haploid daughter cells are formed

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