Question

PowerPoint of a full-body physical assessment in order

from head to toe

Answer 1

HEAD TO TOE ASSESSMENT

SKIN

• Observe skin for color, edema, lesions, scars and vasularity.
• Assess the moisture, skin turgor and temparature.

HAIR AND SCALP

• Assess and note type of hair ie, length, coarse, thick and brittle.
• Note color, distribution, quantity, texture and lubrication.
• On inspection: Determine the scalp.
• Look for dandruff, lices and other fungal infections.
• Put on glows if lesions and lice are present.

NAILS

• Inspect nail for cleanliness, length, texture, nail bed and folds around the nail.
• Check capilary refil time.
• While checking nails we can stand the occupation, nutrition, level of self care and nail biting.

HEAD AND NECK

The assessment of head include eyes, ears, nose, mouth and pharynx.

The assesssment of neck include lymphnodes, carotid artery, thyroid galnd and trachea.

Eyes

• Assess visual acuity, position and allignment of the eyes, eyesbrows and eyelids.
• Note conjunctival discharges and color of conjunctiva and sclera.

Ears

• Assess the structure and hearing acquity.
• Inspect for sore and discharge.

Nose and sinuses

• Assess sinuses by using inspection and palpation.
• Observe nose's structure, sizr, color, presence of deformity or inflammation.

Mouth and pharynx

• Observe overall health and hygiene.
• Use pen tourch and tongue depressor to monitor oral cavity.

Lips

• Inspect color, shape, texture, sore, hydration, contour, sores and lesions.

Buccal mucosa, gums and teeth

• Inspect for teeth hygiene, tooth cavity, position and allignment.
• Inspect gum for bleeding, moisture, color , edema and lesions.

Tongue and floor of mouth

• Assess the floor of mouth, size.color, sores and lesions.

Palate

• Extend head backward, holding the mouth open, inspect hard and soft palate for color,shape, texture and extra bonny prominance or defects.

Pharynx

• Inspect uvula and soft palate.
• Observe for any infection and redness in tonsils.

NECK

• Palpate muscle, lymphnodes, carotid artery jugular veins for tenderness and distention.
• Hyper-extend the neck and view for thyroid and palpate for masses.
• Normally thyroid gland not visible.

CHEST

• Monitor chest movement and respiratory rate.
• Palpate to notice any masses, tenderness in axilla and breast.

LUNGS

• Ausculate respiratory sounds from the lungs and chest capacity.
• Percussion is done to detect accumulation of fluid in and out in the chest cavity.

HEART

• Auscultate heart sound.
• Learn to distingush normal and abnormal haert sound.

EXTREMITIES

Upper and lower extremities

• Inspect leg and hand for symmetry, allignment, edema ,skin clolor, temparture, sores, scars. inflammation and varicosity.
• Palpate tenderness, pulsation in arteries.
• Check brachial, radial, ulna, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibia and dorsalis pedis pulses.
• Check capilart refil on nails, clubbed toes/fingers and joint mobility.
• Deep tendom reflexes : Normally done on high risk patients . Areas that are assessed are on biceps, triceps, petella and achillies.

ABDOMEN

• Observe color, lesions, scars, position of umbilicus, distension and contours.
• Palpate tenderness, masses and enlargment of other organs like liver, spleen and kidney.
• Ask for bowel and bladder function.

GENITALIA

Female

• About abnormal discharge, sores, warts and itching.

Male

• Presenc of sores, itching, warts and abnormal discharge.

RECTUM AND ANAL

• Inspect for hemorroids and lesions.
• Anal for masses and sphinctures function