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A student nurse has a 1-day observational experience in the cardiac care unit. As part of...

A student nurse has a 1-day observational experience in the cardiac care unit. As part of the preparation for the experience, the student needs to know about antiarrhythmic agents including propranolol and diltiazem. Answer the below questions for situation.

What are the therapeutic actions for diltiazem and propranolol?

What are the indications for diltiazem?

What are the key nursing considerations prior to and after administration?

What are the key nursing teaching points for patients receiving antiarrhythmic agents?

Expert Solution

According to Vaughan Williams Classification of Anti Arrythmic drugs are devided in 4 classes

Class 1 - Sodium channel blockers
Class 2 - Beta blockers

Class 3 - Potassium channel blockers

class 4 - Calcium channel blockers

Propranolol- It is non selective 1st generation B blocker

B blockers are part of broader category of drugs known as Sympatholytics

Sympatholytics. Means these drugs breaks / blocks the action of sympathetic / Adrenergic system

Sympathetic sysytem increase cardiac output and heart rate which can add up and lead to arrythmia so propranolol blocks these B receptors

propranolol is also prescribed in hypertensives and also used in anxiety and in tachyarrythmia

Diltiazem- It is a Non DHP(dihydropyridine) Calcium channel blocker

Calcium channel block inhibits the entry of calcium into cardiac muscles during depolarization hence blocking depolarization and depressing the heart activity

Diltiazem also acts on blood vessels smooth muscles and relaxes them to cause vasodilation so can be used in hypertension treatment

diltiazem is indicated in Stable angina

Nursing Considerations - monitor cardiac rhythm regularly after administration to detect any side effect by the drug and also to detect effectiveness

try to administer the smallest dose to manage arrythmia so to decrease the chance of toxicity

Nursing points to teach patient- 1. Teach to take the pulse if any abnormalities detected then to report physician

2. Be allert to detect any kind of palpitations and irregular heart beat

Nightingale answered 1 year ago

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