Question

this is a reflection on the process and new learning from clinical reasoning cycle (critically discuss the role of the nurse in facilitating self-efficacy and self-management for patients (and their families) living with a chronic condition in order to achieve improved health outcomes and quality of life. Use the best available scholarly evidence to support your discussion).

Answer 1

ROLE OF NURSES IN FACILITATING SELF EFFICACY AND SELF MANAGEMENT FOR PATIENTS AND THEIR FAMILIES LIVING WITH A CHRONIC CONDITION IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE IMPROVED HEALTH OUTCOMES AND QUALITY OF LIFE:-

Nurses today are playing new roles in coordinating care from multiple providers, managing caseloads of patients with intense care needs, and helping patients transition out of hospitals and into the home or other settings. They are working as “health coaches” and in other ways to prevent illness and promote wellness. And they are charting new paths in emerging fields like telehealth, informatics, and genetics and genomics, and as scientists and leaders in society.

Once viewed as subservient and subordinate, nurses are now serving as full and essential partners on interdisciplinary health care teams.

The nurse’s role in preventative health care is to utilize evidence-based research and recommendations to improve the health of patients. Nurses are the catalysts for healthier lifestyles through encouragement and teaching, helping patients to potentially receive preventative services such as counseling, screenings, and precautionary procedures or medications.

Nurses can impassion those to engage in healthy lifestyles through education, mentorship, and leadership.

The backbone of the nursing profession has always been recognized as that of a caring profession and one that excels in disease prevention and health promotion.

Nurses are strong advocates for patients because they navigate the health care system.

Nurses can work formally or informally as case managers. There are formal roles for nurses as case managers where the nurse's only role is to help patients and families navigate through the health care system. Informally, all nurses work with patients and families to make sure that they receive the holistic care that is needed for optimal outcomes.

Nurses work as consultants in communities and organizations to define the health care needs of that population, promoting activities and community development for the citizens who live there.

Nurses are most recognized as the primary caregivers of patients in various venues. They are the ones who provide the hands-on care.

One of the most critical roles that nurses have in health promotion and disease preventions is that of an educator. Nurses spend the most time with the patients and provide anticipatory guidance about immunizations, nutrition, dietary, medications, and safety. Nurses are consistently working to prevent illnesses such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and obstructive pulmonary disease; they do this through a variation of tactics that include education, risk factor prevention, and the monitoring of safety hazards either in the workplace, community, or home.

Recommended Areas of Focus and Approaches to Advancing Self-Management:-

Conceptual clarity

Standardize language by incorporating uniform, agreed-upon language into the National Library of Medicine’s medical subject headings.

Key areas of research

Expand comparative effectiveness studies of interventions to compare

Outcomes

Quality of care

Cost

Identify the most valid measures of self-management.

Explore the use of statistical modeling to simulate intervention outcomes.

Identify and study relevant biological and genetic variables.

Identify mediating factors

Related to sustaining self-management

For tailoring to individuals

Identify and incorporate elements of program scalability, sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and reach.

Expand research to widen the application of self-management technology (Internet, social media).

Methodologies for future studies

Implement a collaborative, multidisciplinary methods approach.

Use statistical modeling: systems-based modeling—for connecting underlying complex elements of self-management.

Conduct pragmatic clinical trials and use common data elements across studies.

Dissemination and communication of research

Disseminate research results widely to include policy and clinical practice audiences.

Publish in high-impact clinical journals and seminal science publications.

Coordinate with professional organizations to disseminate results and sponsor public forums to broaden awareness of self-management.

Provide communication, outreach, and media training to encourage and enhance communication to lay audiences.

Translation into clinical practice

Enhance evidence to improve clinical care.

Identify self-management interventions most likely to improve health outcomes.

Emphasize evidence-based professional training curricula.

Incorporate self-management into primary care.

Engage patients to share self-management experience.

Serve as a resource for local self-management support information.

Tailor self-management to individual needs.

Consider cultural norms and traditions.

Engage patients as to their functional goals.

Transition health care system policies and practices to incentivize and promote self-management.

Use self-management programs as a way to decrease or stabilize costs to payer.

Reimburse providers for prescribing proven self-management techniques.

Use interprofessional approach to developing self-management intervention programs.