Gram Negative Bacilli, choose any pathogen. Describe one disease process of the pathogen (how does it...

Gram Negative Bacilli, choose any pathogen. Describe one disease process of the pathogen (how does it infect the person, what does it do on a cellular and tissue level to cause signs and symptoms).

What are the signs and symptoms?

What is the general treatment plan?

please do not copy and paste answers from google. do not upload a handwritten cursive response. type the text only.

Expert Solution

Vibrio cholerae - Causes Cholera

Incubation period: 1-3 days

Sings and symptoms:

Abrupt, painless watery diarrhoea and vomitting.

Severe water and electrolyte loss leading to intense thurst, oliguria, muscle cramps, weakness, loss of tissue turgor and sunken eyes.

Treatment:

1) Fluid replacement: administering oral rehydration, IV, Oral glucose and electrolyte solution.

2) Administering antimicrobials: eg- doxycyclin, furazolidone, TMP/SMX, ciprofloxacin.

Mechanism of Action within cell:

Once inside the intestine, the bacteria releases cholera toxin (Composed of A and B subunits).
Pentameric B subunit of the toxin interacts with GM1 ganglioside receptor on the interstitial cells of intestine called enterocytes, resulting in entocytosis of the toxin.
A1 domain of the toxin cleaves from the A2 domain and get active.
Once inside cell, the A1 domain enters cytosol, activate G protein through ADP ribosylation reaction, hence locking the G protein in GTP bound form. This stimulates adenylate cyclase to produce more and more cAMP.
Increased cAMP activates cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator resulting in drastic efflux of ions and water from the infected enterocyte resulting in watery diarrhoea

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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