In: Advanced Math
Show that the number of triangulations of a regular n-gon is the same as the number of Catalan paths from (0,0) to (n−2, n−2).
A Catalan path is defined as the following:
we want to count the number of distinct paths from the point (0,0) to the point (n, n) subject to the following rules:
•We must stay inside the box [0, n]×[0, n].
•We move one step at a time, either moving one unit East or one unit North.
•We cannot visit the same point twice.
•The path must always stay at or below the line y = x.