Question

1. Which statement is true of the behavior of chromosomes in mitosis?
All chromosomes are duplicated during interphase, except for the sex chromosomes
If the original number of chromosomes was 46 each daughter cell will receive 23
Each new cell receives copies of all the original chromosomes
The daughter cells will be unique due to crossing over

2. Which of the following groups of molecules all function primarily as a source of energy for a typical eukaryotic cell?
Glycogen, Nucleic acid, Cellulose
Adenine, Starch, Chitin
Iron, Polypeptide, Cellulose
Glucose, Triglyceride, Starch

3. Oxygen 16 & Oxygen 18 are two isotopes of the same element. The atomic number of Oxygen is 8. If we compare a single atom of each isotope we would find that they have...
The same number of neutrons
The same atomic mass
The same number of Protons
Opposite charges

4. Which of the following terms includes all the others?
Passive transport
Simple diffusion
Osmosis
Facillitated diffusion

Answer 1

1.(c) each new cell recieved copies of all original chromosomes

All chromosomes including sex chromosomes are duplicated in S phase of interphase.

If original number of chromosomes was 46, each daughter cells generated from mitosis will also contain 46 chromosomes because in mitosis separation of sister chromatids occur resulting in same number of chromosomes as that in the parent cell where as in meiosis number of chromosomes is reduced to half(23) in the daughter cell as separation of homologous chromosomes occur in meiosis.

Crossing over occurs during meiosis(prophase I).

2.(d) glucose, triglycerides, starch

Oxidation of triglycerols produces approximately 3x more energy than carbohydrates sources, starch is the storage form of glucose(as amylose and amylopectin) produced by plant cells which when ingested by animals convert into glucose which is the primary source of energy in animals.

3.(c) same number of protons

Two isotopes of an element have the same atomic number and same number of protons but due to different number of neutrons, have different mass number.

4.(a) Passive transport

Movement of molecules across the plasma membrane without the need of energy depending on membrane permeability is known as the passive transport.

Passive transport includes three processes i.e.

Simple diffusion : movement of solute particles along the concentration gradient that is from higher concentration to lower concentration.

Facilitated diffusion : movement of molecules across the cell membrane with the help of carrier proteins is known as facilitated diffusion. It is also known as carrier mediated osmosis.

Osmosis : movement of water molecules across the plasma membrane from the region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential.