Question

In: Chemistry

Flame-retardant fabrics often have ________ atoms incorporated into the fabric's fibers. a) N or Cl b)...

Flame-retardant fabrics often have ________ atoms incorporated into the fabric's fibers.

a) N or Cl

b) N or O

c)Cl or Cr

d)Cl or Br

Solutions

Expert Solution

Answer: d) Cl or Br

There are many categories in which flame retardants can be divided. The major categories among them include:

  • Tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts that are made by passing phosphine gas through a solution of formaldehyde and a mineral acid like hydrochloric acid. This category is mostly used as flame retardants for textiles.
  • Minerals like asbestos, compounds such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide different hydrates, red phosphorus, and boron compounds, mostly borates. Etc.
  • Synthetic materials, usually halocarbons which include organochlorines such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlorendic acid derivates and chlorinated paraffins; organobromines such as polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDEs), organophosphates in the form of halogenated phosphorus compounds and others.

To make it more simple, if we talk of the types of flame retardants, they are:

  • Brominated flame retardants
  • Chlorinated flame retardants
  • Phosphorous-containing flame retardants (Phosphate ester such as Tri phenyl phosphate)
  • Nitrogen-containing flame retardants (i.e. Melamines)
  • Inorganic flame retardants.

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