Question

Which of the following may arise from oxidative stress-mediated cancer pathogenesis?

a) all of the above arise from oxidative stress-mediated cancer development

b) inflammation

c) signal transduction-mediated metastasis

d) genomic instability

e) mitochondrial dysfunction

Answer 1

a) All of the above arise from oxidative stress mediated cancer development

The oxidative stress mediated cancer is a cancer which happens due to being exposed to high amount of oxidative stress majorly in form of reactive oxygen species. The oxidative stress is caused due to the increased production reactive species and lack of antioxidants in the body. Due to the oxidative stress, the cancer might be initiated. Due to the oxidative stress, it might lead to chronic inflammation as the free radicals might damage the immune cells and cause inflammation. This chronic inflammation may lead to cancer formation.

Due to the constant oxidative stress, which tends to generate and produce certain signals which can lead to metastasis. The signal transduction tends to cause metastasis and hence formation of cancer. Due to the constant oxidative stress, it can trigger certain signal transduction and hence it might lead to development of cancerous growth apart from the primary cancer site.

When there is increase accumulation of reactive oxygen species, it can lead to increase in oxidative stress and hence leads to genomic instability causing cancer. Due to this it leads to high number of genome mutations that can cause change in sequences of nucleic acid or might lead to unwanted rearrangement of chromosome and hence cause cancer.

The mitochondrial dysfunction is a condition which occurs when there is less number of mitochondria and due to this it can lead to cancer. The oxidative stress can reduce the number of mitochondria and it is observed as a cause in many cancer. It leads to growth of the tumor.