Question

people have different cultural, spiritual and religious requirements and needs .These can be included in advanced care directives and influence the way that people wish to be treated during palliative and end of life care. Identify two examples of cultural, spiritual and religious differences in relation to death and dying.

Answer 1

INTRODUCTION

Care of a dying patients or terminally ill aptients is a very important medical or nursing interventions,to promote health ,prevent complications and restoration of health.The main complications they are facing during their end life are as follows;

-Problems associated with sense organs

-problems associated with cleanliness and grooming

-problems associated with communications

-problems associated with rest and sleep

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MEANING-CARE OF A DYING PATIENTS

-Care of a dying patients is the process of reducing suffering at end of life

-Care of a dying patients in health care systems have to follow five important principles such as

-respect the goals,likes and choices of the patients

-looks after medical,emotional,social and spiritual needs

-support the needs of the family

-help the patients for doing daily activities

-excellent end of life care

PATTIATIVE CARE

-It means symptomatic management of a chronically ill or terminally ill patients

-The main steps of palliative care includes ;

-maximizing quality of life

-symptomatic management

-spiritual care

-chemotherapy and radiation thrapy

-basic management of depression and anxiety

-basic psychological support

-pain management( pharmacologica and non-pharmacological management)

CULTURAL,SPIRITUAL AND RELIGIOUS INFLUENCES

-These factors play important roles .

-dying is an irreversible stoppage of respiratory,circulatory and neurological functions

-during their end stage of life ,they want to follow their;

-cultural beliefs

-cultural mores

-cultural norms

-cultural standards

-cultural guidlines

-many factors influence a persons cultural lifes such as

-world view

-ethnicity

-geography

-languages

-common values

-languages

-social circumstances

-religion and spirituality

-gender

NEEDS OF CULTURAL,SPIRITUAL AND RELIGIOUS REQUIREMENTS

1-COMMUNICATION

-Communication process should be dends on their cultural beliefs

-Assess the needs of the patients and mainatin positive communications

-dying is an unique experiences ,so communications should be depends on their needs

-effective communication techniques improve planning and intervention strategies

2-SUPPORT AND GUIDDANCE

-At the end stage of life certain rituals and practices they want to follow like

-prayer or meditations

-presence of their loved ones

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3-PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPOTRT

-Relief from loneliness ,fear and depression

-mainatance of hope and spiritual comfort

-provide comfortable and peaceful enviornment according to their cultural status

-protect against isolation,you can provide some relaxation techniques like;

1-journal writing

2-family photos

3-hearing music

4-watching television

5- life assessment

4-CULTURE AND PAIN MANAGEMENT

-It is an end life care

-Assess for cultural and religious beliefs and then health professionals can choose pain management options like

-application of heat or cold

-acupuncture therapy

-acupressure

-therapeutic touch

-herbal or other therapeutic remedies

5-CARE OF BODY AFTER DEATH

-Death declartion

-autopsy

-follow customs and principles

-eyes are closed and positionig

-remove dentures

-maintain records

6-CULTURE AND ETHNICITY

- According to culture and ethnicity ,they have to follow some practices ,ceremonies andtraditions .

- cultural resources includes communities of support,sense of hope and meanings in life,etc

TWO EXAMPLES OF CULTURES,SPIRITUAL AND RELIGIOUS DIFFERENCES

1-ISLAMIC CULTURE

-Autopsy is not allowed

-organ donation is some times allowed

-ritualistically washed,wrapped,prayed and buried

-non-muslims should not touch the body

2-NATIVE AMERICANS

-Use chants,prayers,and sand painting as rituals

-hold back their different cultural practices

CONCLUSIONS

-Palliative or end life care is a challenging for medical professionals,it should includes

-documentation

-psychological support

-advanced planning

-financial concerns

-legal and ethical concerns

-the patients rights to informations

NURSING DIAGNOSIS

-INEFFECTIVE AIRWAY CLAERANCE

-DEATH ANXIETY RELATED TO BODY MECHANISMS

-IMPAIRED NUTRITIONAL STATUS

-DISTURBED PERSONAL IDENTITY

-IMPAIRED PHYSICAL MOBILITY AND BODY IMAGES

' THE BEST VIEW COMES AFTER THE HARDEST CLIMB'

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