Question

For this policy brief, you will pick one health issue to discuss. It should be between 2-4 pages (1,500 words) and must include the sections listed below. The purpose of a policy brief is to give your reader a high-level overview of the issue at hand and then recommend a policy or policies to address the problem. Think of it as a vehicle to provide policy advice to someone who is not an expert in that topic.

1. Pick a single topic
2. No more than 2-4 pages (1,500 words)
3. Policy Brief Template (must include these sections)
   1. Title
   2. Scope of Problem
   3. Policy Options
   4. Policy Recommendation
   5. Reference Page

Answer 1

OVER WEIGHT AND OBESITY

Overweight and obesity is the world wide issue.39% of adult aged 18 years and over were overweight in 2016,and 13% were obese.Overweight and obesity describes as abnormal or excessive fat accumulartion that may weaken your health.

Body mass index (BMI) is a simple parameter of weight for height that is commonly used to classify overweight and obesity in adults. It is defined as person's weight in legs divided by the square of his height in meter(kg/m2). For adults ,WHO defined overweight and obesity as follows:

-Overweight is a BMI greater than that or equal to 25 and obesity is a BMI greater tahn or equal to 30.

-Overweight and obesity are defined in children aged between 5-19 years

-Overweight iis BMI-for-age greater than 1 satndard deviationabove the WHO growth reference median and

-Obesity is greater than 2 standard deviations above the WHO Growth refernce median.

The causes of obesity and overweight

The main cause of obesity and overweight is the energy imbalance betwee the calories calories consumed and calories expended.

Globally,there has been an increased intake of energy dense foods that are high in fat and sugars and increased physical inactivity due to increasingly sedentary nature of many forms of work,chnaging modes of transportation and urbanisation.Poor diet/poor food choices lead to obesity and over weight and other factors factors are an inactive life style (spending lot of time to watching television,playing videogames,working on a computer,working late hours at the office,driving rather than walking).

-A family history of being overweight or obese.

-Oversized or''supersized'' food portions.

-Negative emotions like boredom,sadness,or anger,which influence eating habits.

Common health consequences of over weight and obesity

-Cardiovascular diseases (mainly heart disease and stroke), which were the leading cause of death in 2012,

-diabetes

-musculoskeletal disorders(especially osteoarthritis)

-some cancers (including endometrial,breast,ovarianprostate,liver,bladder,kidney, and colon).

Overweight and obesity are associated with mental health problems sucha as depression. People who deal with overweight and obesity may also be the subject of weight bias and stigma from others, including health care provisers. This can lead tofeelings of rejection,shame or guilt-further worsening of mental health problems.

What should I do if I am overweight or obese

Speak to your doctor about a weightloss program that is right for you.Weight loss program should include three components should be successful. Diet,Excercise and behaviour modification.Your programme may include

- Diet- A steady weight loss of about one pound a week is the safest way to loss weight . Your doctor can refer you to a registered dietitian if you need help in planning your diet.

-Regular Excercise sucha s brisk walking,running,swimming,biking,dancing.The amount of excercise needed to lose weightis different for everyone. Talk to your health care professional before you begin any excercise program.

-Behaviour modifications techniques such as

-Keep a food diary of everything you eat.

-Shop from a list and do not shopwhen you,re hungry

- Take a different route if usually passby a tempting fast food place.

If you have been unable to lose weight or keep if off with diet,excercise and behaviour changes

-Weight loss medications might be recommended for you.

REFERENCE

1. Newsletter of WHO

2.Newsletter of National Kidney Foundation.

3. Website of Center of Disease control And Prevention.