Question

Scenario 1: You are playing soccer and your team has just finished their third game of the day. The day has been very hot with temperatures in the 90s with no cloud coverage. Suddenly, one of your teammates collapses. They seem to not be fully awake and do not respond to questions you ask them. Their breathing is rapid and shallow, and they are unable to get up from the ground. Their skin is very red and hot to the touch but without any moisture. You want to help your teammate. (1) What are the initial steps you should take in this emergency? (2) Describe in detail how you would decide what your plan of care would be.

Scenario Continued There is an indoor facility close to the field and you have water and ice available to you. There are no higher trained medical personnel currently at this event. (1) What steps would you take to care for your teammate? Describe the steps in detail. (2) When would you know to stop caring for your teammate?

Scenario 2: While at a family cookout, your 10-year-old cousin walks to the dessert table to grab a cookie. They walk over to you and starts to eat the cookie, and you notice that the cookie has nuts in it. A couple minutes later your cousin starts to complain of a really bad stomach cramp and some nausea. You want to help. (1) What are the initial steps you would take in this situation? (2) How would you determine what your care would be?

Scenario Continued: As you are caring for your cousin, they begins to have difficulty breathing and their lips and tongue are starting to swell. They have a medical bracelet that says they has severe allergies to tree nuts. (1) What steps would you take to give care to your cousin? Describe them in detail. (2) How would you know when to stop caring for your cousin?

Answer 1

Scenario 1 1 . Move the person into a cool place, out of direct sunlight.
Remove the person's unnecessary clothing, and place the person on his or her side to expose as much skin surface to the air as possible.

2. Heatstroke occurs when the body fails to regulate its own temperature and body temperature continues to rise, often to 40°C (104°F) or higher. Signs of rapidly progressing heatstroke include:

Unconsciousness for longer than a few seconds.
Convulsion (seizure).
Signs of moderate to severe difficulty breathing.
A rectal temperature over 40°C (104°F) after exposure to a hot environment.
Confusion, severe restlessness, aggressive behaviour or anxiety.
Fast heart rate.
Sweating that may be heavy or may have stopped.
Skin that may be red, pale, hot, and dry, even in the armpits.
Severe vomiting and diarrhea.

Scenario 1 continued 1.Move the person into a cool place, out of direct sunlight.
Remove the person's unnecessary clothing, and place the person on his or her side to expose as much skin surface to the air as possible.
Cool the person's entire body by sponging or spraying cold water, and fan the person to help lower the person's body temperature. Watch for signs of rapidly progressing heatstroke, such as seizure, unconsciousness for longer than a few seconds, and moderate to severe difficulty breathing.
Apply ice packs in each armpit and on the back of the person's neck.

Do not give aspirin or acetaminophen to reduce a high body temperature that can occur with heatstroke. These medicines may cause problems because of the body's response to heatstroke.
If the person is awake and alert enough to swallow, give the person fluids [1 L (32 fl oz) to 2 L (64 fl oz) over 1 to 2 hours] for hydration. You may have to help. Make sure the person is sitting up enough so that he or she does not choke. Most people with heatstroke have an altered level of consciousness and cannot safely be given fluids to drink.

2. When the person starts feeling better and signs and symptoms of heat stroke / sun stroke r duces to normal level and in case if it deteriorate call emergency assistance immediately .

Scenario 2 1.Call emergency assistance immediately.
Try to keep the person calm.
Help the person lie on their back.
Raise their feet about 12 inches and cover them with a blanket.
Turn them on their side if they’re vomiting or bleeding.
Make sure their clothing is loose so they can breathe.

2.Tree Nut Allergy Symptoms
Abdominal pain, cramps, nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Difficulty swallowing
Itching of the mouth, throat, eyes, skin or any other area
Nasal congestion or a runny nose
Nausea
Shortness of breath
Anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening reaction that impairs breathing and can send the body into shock .

Scenario 2 continued . 1. Perform CPR

Inject epinephrine ( auto injector ) and call emergency assistance immediately . Avoid giving oral medications, anything to drink, or lifting their head, especially if they’re having trouble breathing.

Try to keep the person calm.
Help the person lie on their back.
Raise their feet about 12 inches and cover them with a blanket.
Turn them on their side if they’re vomiting or bleeding.
Make sure their clothing is loose so they can breathe.

Stay calm and wait till help arrives .

2. When the person starts feeling better after vomiting or after epinephrine ( auto injector) ,and feels stable enough to sit and walk , ask him to rest , call in doctor for checkup and further recommendations . Help the perpsn to understand what to eat and not to eat .