Question

Following a 14-day course of broad-spectrum antibiotics for the treatment of sepsis, a client develops watery diarrhea attributed to the elimination of normal intestinal flora. What other phenomena are most likely accompanying the low levels of normal flora?

	A.	Decreased mineral and nutrient absorption; decreased carbohydrate metabolism
	B.	Decreased pH of the stomach; increased pH of the lower gastrointestinal tract
	C.	Decreased fermentation of undigestible dietary residue; decreased vitamin absorption
	D.	Proliferation of vitamin K; lower gastrointestinal bleeding

Which scenario would put a client at risk for experiencing a thyroid problem due to a decrease in thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)? Select all that apply.

	A.	55-year-old male with cirrhosis due to alcohol abuse
	B.	47-year-old female experiencing hot flashes and excess diaphoresis related to menopause
	C.	75-year-old man receiving chronic glucocorticoid therapy to treat his severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
	D.	18-year-old female client with anorexia nervosa weighing 78 pounds who has consumed no protein for the past 3 years.

A client whose only diagnosis is essential hypertension is fasting for a fasting blood glucose and lipid profile test to be performed in the morning. The client's regular medications are currently on hold. What is the nurse's priority action?

	A.	Monitor client's blood glucose level to avoid hypoglycemia overnight.
	B.	Assess for dizziness and encourage the client to change positions slowly.
	C.	Measure client's blood pressure and heart rate periodically.
	D.	Remove client's water from the bedside to prevent consumption overnight

A baby is born to a mother with active hepatitis B. Which medication do you anticipate administering today?

	A.	Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine
	B.	Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG).
	C.	Hepatitis C immune globulin (HCIG).
	D.	Hepatitis A vaccine (HAV).

Answer 1

1. A- Decreased mineral and nutrient absorption; decreased carbohydrate metabolism.

C. Decreased fermentation of undigestible dietary residue; decreased vitamin absorption.

Explanation: Microbs are involved in the metabolism of dietary carbohydrates. Microbes in our gut produce Vitamin K. Several minerals and nutrients are absorbed with the help of microbes.

2. A -55 year old male with cirrhosis due to alcohol abuse

C.75 year old man receiving chronic glucocorticoid therapy to treat his severe COPD

D. 18 year old female client with anorexia nervosa weighing 78 pounds who has cosumed no protein for past 3years.

Explanation:Decreased TBG levels may be due to hyperthyroidism, renal disease, liver disease, severe systemic illness(COPD), medications and malnutrition.

3.C. Measure client's blood pressure and heart rate periodically.

Explanation: Patient's medication for hypertension are currently on hold. So in absence of medication blood vessels may undergo contraction resulting in sudden hypertension and complications.

4.B. Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG)

Explanation: For newborns born to mothers with hepatitis B infection, administer combined immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B vaccine with in 12 hours.