In: Accounting
Write the definition of each term.
Cost of Goods Sold |
The cost of the product that are sold in the operation of the business |
Adjusted trial balance |
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Balance sheet |
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Cost principle |
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Current assets |
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Current liabilities |
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Current ratio |
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Double-entry accounting |
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Gains (on the income statement) |
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Income Statement |
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Liquidity |
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Long-term liabilities |
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Losses (on the income statement) |
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Matching principle |
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Net working capital |
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Non-operating expenses |
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Noncurrent receivables |
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Operating Income (or Income from Operation) |
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Post-closing trial balance |
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Property & Equipment |
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Retained Earnings |
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Statement of retained earnings |
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Time period assumption |
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Unadjusted trial balance |
The definition of each term is given as follows:
Cost of Goods Sold |
The direct cost involved in producing the product that is sold in the operation of the business |
Adjusted trial balance |
The adjusted trial balance of a company refers to a list of all the accounts and their respective balances present in the ledger after adjusting entries for a given accounting year have been made in the respective accounts |
Balance sheet |
Balance Sheet is a financial statement that reports total assets, equity and debt at a given point in time |
Cost principle |
The cost principle is an accounting principle that requires the assets to be recorded at the amount paid the time that an asset is acquired. |
Current assets |
Current assets refer to all the assets that are expected to be realised within a year from the date of the balance sheet. |
Current liabilities |
Current liabilities refer to all the liabilities that are expected to be paid within a year from the date of the balance sheet. |
Current ratio |
Current ratio refers to the ratio of the current assets of a company o its current liabilities |
Double-entry accounting |
Double-entry accounting is a system of accounting wherein every entry to an account requires an opposite & corresponding entry to a different account. |
Gains (on the income statement) |
Gains refer to the excess of revenues overt the expenses of a company. |
Income Statement |
An Income statement refers to a financial statement that shows the revenues and expenses of a company during a particular period. |
Liquidity |
Liquidity refers to the ability to be realised in cash. The more an asset is likely to be converted in cash, the higher is its liquidity. |
Long-term liabilities |
Long-term liability refers to the financial obligations of a company to pay an amount that is overdue for more than one year. |
Losses (on the income statement) |
Losses refer to the excess of expenses overt he revenues of a company. |
Matching principle |
The matching principle is an accounting principle that requires a business to report an expense against the income used to generate it. |
Net working capital |
Net Working capital refers to the difference between the current assets and current liabilities of a company. |
Non-operating expenses |
Operating expenses refer to the expenditure incurred in activities that are not directly related to the production of goods or services, such as selling, general and administrative expenses. |
Noncurrent receivables |
A receivable account that is expected to be realised after more than a year from the date of the balance sheet. |
Operating Income (or Income from Operation) |
Operating Income refers to the amount of profit made by a business's operations, after deducting all operating expenses, i.e. Cost Of Goods Sold, selling, general and administrative expenses. . |
Post-closing trial balance |
The Post-closing trial balance refers to a list of all the accounts and their respective balances present in the ledger after adjusting entries for a given accounting year have been posted in the respective accounts |
Property & Equipment |
Property & Equipment refers to the non-current tangible assets expected to make long-term profits by being employed in the company. |
Retained Earnings |
Retained earnings refer to the amount of Profit after tax left with the company after paying dividend to its shareholders |
Statement of retained earnings |
Statement of retained earnings is a statement that reflects changes in retained earnings for a given period by reconciling the beginning and ending balance of retained earnings. |
Time period assumption |
Time period assumption assumes that life of a business can be segregated into equal time periods, known as accounting periods. Companies prepare their financial statements separately for each accounting period. |
Unadjusted trial balance |
The unadjusted trial balance of a company refers to a list of all the accounts and their respective balances present in the ledger before adjusting entries for a given accounting year have been made in the respective accounts |