Question

I was assigned a gene: MAP65-2. Can someone explain in detail everything about it. It's urgent I'll upvote

Answer 1

Gene Symbol- MAP65-2

Gene description- microtubule-associated protein 65-2

Gene Type -   Protein coding

Organisms- Arabidopsis thaliana

Location- Chromosome no 4

The Arabidopsis thaliana MAP65-1 and MAP65-2 genes are members of the larger eukaryotic MAP65/ASE1/PRC gene family of microtubule-associated proteins.MAP65-1 and MAP65-2 play a critical role in the microtubule-dependent mechanism for specifying axial cell growth in the expanding hypocotyl, independent of any mechanical role in microtubule array organization.

Microtubules (MTs) play a critical role in the control of plant cell growth and morphogenesis. Interphase MTs form arrays at the cell cortex adjacent to the plasma membrane. Disruption of these interphase MT arrays with drugs produces severe growth control defects, while mutations in tubulin and MT-associated proteins (MAPs) lead to a wide range of cellular phenotypes related to growth.

Severe disorganization of the interphase MT cytoskeleton typically causes the loss of anisotropic cell expansion, which is characterized by radial cell swelling. Milder defects in MT array organization manifest as organ-level defects, including the twisting of roots and petioles. Genetic lesions in some plant MAPs, such as CLASP and FragileFiber1 (FRA1), yield more subtle defects in cell growth and morphogenesis, without dramatic alterations to interphase MT array organization.

Electron microscopy and time-lapse observations of live cells indicate extensive bundling of the interphase cortical MTs. MT bundles form through the interaction of treadmilling MTs and through direct nucleation of newly formed MTs into a bundled state. Early biochemical assays for plant MT-associated proteins led to the discovery of MAP65, the founding member of a large eukaryotic gene family that includes ANAPHASE SPINDLE ELONGATION1 (Ase1) from fission yeast and protein required for cytokinesis (PRC1) in mammals. Subsequent work demonstrated that MAP65 dimers bundle purified MTs in vitro, localize to MTs in vivo, and hyper bundle MTs into transverse arrays when overexpressed in plant cells. MAP65-2 has additionally been reported to stabilize MTs in vitro. Based on these observations, MAP65s have been proposed as key regulators of cortical MT array organization through control of MT bundling.