Question

Question 1

What are the 4 main things we need to do to obtain DNA in its purist form?

Question 2

What do we use to break open the cell? What properties exist that make this technique successful?

  

Question 3

What is the process of separating DNA from the other proteins? What techniques are used to accomplish this?

Question 4

How do we isolate the DNA so we have just DNA and can now use other techniques to identify it?

Question 5

For the following materials, state what each is responsible for in the DNA extraction and purification process. A short sentence is all that is necessary.

a. Buccal swab:
b. Micro-Centrifuge:
c. Lysis Solution:
d. Salt Solution:

e. Ethanol:

Answer 1

Question 1:

Answer and Explanation:

The basic four steps in DNA isolation is Lysis of cells, separation of aqueous phase containing DNA, precipitation of DNA and purification of DNA. To obtain DNA its purest form during the DNA isolation, we should use RNase enzyme to remove the RNA and proteinase k enzyme should be used to remove the proteins, 70 percentage ethanol should be used to wash DNA after precipitation to remove the unwanted impurities and salt. Sometimes spin column tubes are used to get pure DNA.

Question 2:

Answer and Explanation:

We use lysis buffer to break open the cells, it basically contains cationic or anionic detergent which has the ability to act on the phospholipid bilayer and it will help in the breakage of cells.

Question 5:

Answer and Explanation:

(a) Buccal swab: It is the source of buccal cells from which the DNA will be isolated.

(b) Micro centrifuge: It is used in many steps of DNA isolation which helps in the separation of phases during the process.

(c) Lysis solution: It is used to break open the cells which contains chemicals to break the cells.

(d) Salt solution: It is used to enhance the precipitation of DNA from other cellular debris.

(e) Ethanol: Absolute of 100% ethanol is used to precipitate the DNA. Generally ice cold ethanol will be used. 70% ethanol is used to remove the impurities.