On the basis of what you learned in the readings, define the terms "sample" and "population"...

On the basis of what you learned in the readings, define the terms "sample" and "population" and describe some of the advantages and disadvantages of using a sample compared to a population. Support your reasoning with examples.

A researcher is studying the effects of caffeine on exams scores of college students. In this study:

What would be the population and sample of this research? Extrapolate your views of the advantages and disadvantages of samples and populations to this example.

Why would the researcher want to use a sample or a population in this study?

Do you agree with your classmates regarding what should be used in this study—a sample or a population? Comment on the reasons they provided and explain why you agree or disagree with them.

Justify your answers with appropriate reasoning and research from your textbook and course readings. Start reviewing and responding to at least two of your classmates as early in the week as possible. You can ask technical questions or respond generally to the overall experience. Be honest, clear, and concise. Always use constructive language, even in criticism, to work toward the goal of positive progress. Using questions and seeking clarifications are good ways to make your reviews substantive!

Expert Solution

DEFINITIONS OF SAMPLE AND POPULATION:

SAMPLE-It is a part of the population. A sample includes one or two observations in the population. For example, in the above mentioned study the sample would be the students selected for the study.
POPULATION- It includes all the observations of the data.A population commonly contains too many individuals to study. For example, the population in the above mentioned study would be the entire strength of the college that includes all the students from all sections and from all courses.

Since it becomes difficult to study the entire population a sample is used which is a representative of the entire population.
Random samples are the best method of selecting your sample from the population of interest. It provides an equal opportunity for every member of the population to be a representative of the population. The advantages are that your sample should represent the target population and eliminate sampling bias.
To collect all of the information for a population it would likely take a great deal of time, which means more effort and money. That is why sampling methods are used to collect a small part from the population. It is important the population from which you select the sample should be representing the topic of your study.
In the above mentioned study, selecting the right population is important to study the effects of caffeine. The researcher has selected only college students which might not be enough for this study. The researcher could also include people going to cafes regularly by selecting 3-4 coffee shops or also people who go to office. Coffee drinkers can be found in these populations too and not just college students.
Collecting a true representative sample of these populations for the study is important too as it is not possible to study every member of the population. Random sampling is the best method that can be used in this study since this method is easy and also provides equal opportunity to every unit of the population to be included in the sample.
Depending upon how vast and detailed you want your research the sample size can be decided accordingly.

Hayet Jeridi answered 2 years ago

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