In: Statistics and Probability
To solve this probelm, we need basic results of normal and chi square distribution such as relation between them and asymptotic property of distributions.
1. Sum of square of standard normal variables is chi square
I. E. If there are n standard normal variables then S=sum((xi)^2) will follow chisqure with 'n' degrees of freedom where I goes from 1 to n.
2. In a large distribution ie. When n is large, the distributions tends to standard normal distribution. So we can approximate distributions to standard normal using asymptotic property of them which is used in the 1st and 2nd step in the photo.
The probability can be calculated using software or statistics table. The value that has occurred in the problem is not given in the table of chi-square statistics values, they have to be taken as zero if they go beyond values of extreme numbers in table.