1. Acetone 2. Water 3.Isopropyl alcohol A. Rank the three liquids, from slowest rate to the...

1. Acetone

2. Water

3.Isopropyl alcohol

A. Rank the three liquids, from slowest rate to the highest rate of evaporation based on the expiremental temperature vs time curve?

B. How does the ranking in A compare to the ranking of the boiling points, from the lowest to highest?

C. How does the ranking in A compare to the ranking of the heats of vaporization, from lowest to highest?

D. Explain the above findings based on any differences between the substances sets of intermolecular interactions.

Solutions

Expert Solution

Hi,

A] Acetone hasis the slowest rate of evaporation followed by Isopropyl alcohol and highest rate of evaporation is for water

B] Acetone has lowest boiling point (56degrees), Isopropyl alcohol (83degress) and water (100 degrees)

C] For heat of evaporation, it is water is slowest, intermediate is Isopropyl alcohol and highest rate is Acetone

D] Acetone has the weakest intermolecular forces, so it evaporated most quickly. Water had the strongest intermolecular forces and evaporated most slowly. The strength of the intermolecular forces in isopropyl alcohol are in between water and acetone, but probably closer to acetone because the water took much longer to evaporate.

Water evaporates most slowly because its molecules are attracted to one another by hydrogen bonding. Acetone does not participate in hydrogen bonding, so its intermolecular forces are comparatively weaker, and it evaporates most quickly. Isopropyl alcohol can also participate in hydrogen bonding, but not as successfully as water because it has a non-polar region, so it evaporates at an intermediate rate

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 year ago

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