Question

QUESTION 1

1. You are studying the reproductive biology of pumpkinseed sunfish. You tag and follow three different male sunfish during the breeding season. Male A successfully courts two different females, each of whom goes on to lay five eggs each. However, male A is subsequently eaten by a predator and so can’t contribute to parental care, and so only half of his offspring survive to adulthood. Male B fails to attract any females, but does manage to escape predation and survives the breeding season. Male C courts 1 female, who lays 6 eggs. He assists her in guarding the nest and all the eggs hatch into juvenile fish and survive until adulthood, but then male C is also killed by a predator. At the end of the breeding season, the correct ranking of these males, from highest to lowest fitness would be:

   		a. Male A > Male B > Male C
   		c. Male C > Male B > Male A
   		b. Male C > Male A > Male B
   		e. Male A = Male C > Male B
   		d. Male B > Male A > Male C

  

QUESTION 2

1. In many species of mammals and birds, females are the choosy sex because:

   		a. Their gametes are larger
   		c. They invest more in courtship
   		b. They invest more in parental care
   		e. Their gametes are larger and they invest more in courtship
   		d. Their gametes are larger and they invest more in parental care

QUESTION 3

1. In many species of mammals and birds, males compete for access to females because:

   		b. The fitness costs of multiple matings are high, and the benefits are low
   		c. Their gametes are larger
   		e. They invest heavily in parental care
   		d. They are more aggressive
   		a. The fitness costs of multiple matings are low, and the benefits are high

QUESTION 4

1. In lions, which of the following factors is most likely to strongly limits a male’s overall reproductive success?

   		c. The energetic cost of lactation
   		e. The energetic costs of producing sperm, lactation and parental care
   		d. The ability to successfully obtain a mate
   		a. The energetic cost of producing sperm
   		b. The energetic cost of providing parental care

Answer 1

Question 1) option B us correct

Male C > Male A > Male B

Male C is reproducing with only one female - which lay six eggs. Male participle in parenting so all the eggs match and produce offspring. Sk total individual produced are 6 but make c

In case of Male A, it reproduces with 2 female but just after reproduction it predated by predator. Each femakexlay 5 eggs, so total egg lay by female are 10. But only half are able to survive, only 5 will survive. So Make A = 5 individual

In individual B, is not predated but not participate in reproduction, so progeny produce = 0

Relative fitness of any individual depend on , how much of their allele they are passing in ne t generation.

So mor fitness - more transfer of genome kn ne t generation, more offspring.

Less fitness- less offspring.

So according to this make C> Male A> Male B

6 individual > 5 individual > 0

Question 2) option E

Gametes are larger and invest more in courtship

Question 3) option a, The fitness costs of multiple matings are low, and the benefits are high

In competing in between names try to mate with maximum femaks birds in order to pass their genes maximum in the progeny. They try to maximize benefits.

Question 4) option B

. The energetic cost of providing parental care