Question

Write 3 pages about Ionic bond

You can use word or hand writing

Answer 1

An ionic bond is a sort of chemical bond which is formed through an electrostatic force of attraction mainly between two oppositely charged ions which is governed by coulumb's law .

Ionic bonds exists mainly between a cation, which is basically a metal, and an anion, which is mainly a nonmetal. hence Pure ionic bonding does not exist: therefore all ionic compounds have some partial degree of covalent bonding. therefore, an ionic bond is ususally considered a bond in which the ionic character is more than the covalent character. The higher the difference in electronegativity values in between the two atoms concerned in the bond, the greater will be the ionic (polar) bond is. Bonds with partly ionic and partly covalent character are called polar covalent bonds. the term Ionic bonding is a sort of noncovalent bonding.

Therefore Ionic compounds usually conduct electricity either in molten or in solution, but not when it is solid. They generally possess high melting point and are soluble in water.

take for example, common table salt which is nothing but sodium chloride. When sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are combined, together the sodium atoms each loses an electron, forming (Na⁺), and the chlorine atoms gains single electron to form anions (Cl⁻). These ions are then combined and attracted each other in a 1:1 ratio to form sodium chloride (NaCl).

                Na + Cl → Na⁺ + Cl⁻ → NaCl

Properties of Ionic Bond :

1) they are highly brittle,

2) they are poor conductors in solid state,

3) have sharp and well defines melting and boiling points.

3. The geometrical arrangement of crystal lattice is regular , forming a cube which is highly symmetrical.

4. The lattice energy of any given ionic solid is a direct measurement of the total strength of bonds in that particular ionic molecule . The lattice energy is also related inversely to ionic bond distances.

The greater the distance lesser will be the lattice energy and lesser will be the stability

TC. Since Potassium Fluoride is smaller than Potassium Iodide, it will have a higher melting point. Lattice energy increases as the size of the ions