Question

Question 4

4. According to Fleming and Parker (2015), infectious diseases are a common and significant contributor to ill health throughout the world.

Discuss the characteristics, models and mechanisms of transmission, and disease prevention interventions to manage the spread of infectious diseases. Use examples, statistics and diagrams to support your arguments.

Answer 1

Infectious disease are disorders caused by organisms such as bacteria ,virus,fungi or parasites.In our body different types of microbes are present.Som eare harmless or even helpful.But when some favourable conditions occur these organaisms may cause disease.Some infectious disease can be passed from person to person.For example SARS, influenza the common cold ,tuberculosis (TB) Hepatitis A and B.

There are four types of infection,bacterial,viral ,fungal,and prion.

The general symptoms common to a number of infectious disease include

• fever
• diarrhoea
• Muscle aches
• Coughing

The mode of transmission are Contact ( direct or indirect ),Droplet,airborne,Vector and Common vehicle.The portal of entry is the means by which the infectious microorganisms gains acess into the new host.This can occur for example through ingestion,breathing,or skin puncture.Some mechanisms of transmission is feco oral transmisson occurs commonly via common vechicle trasmission.

Preventive interventions

• Wash the hands often
• Take proper vaccination
• Use antibiotics
• Stay home if we have the signs and symptoms
• Make food in clean environment
• disnfect the articles
• Practise safe sex
• Dont share personal items