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In: Physics

Ionization Chamber region is used to detect high energetic ? and ? paricles while Proportinal region...

Ionization Chamber region is used to detect high energetic ? and ? paricles while Proportinal region is suitable to detect ? and ? particles with low energy. Why?

Solutions

Expert Solution

As   an energetic charged     particle     passes     through   a   gas,     its     electrostatic     field     will    dislodge     orbital     electrons     from     atoms     sufficiently     close     to     its    path.   In    each    case,    the    negatively   charged     electron     dislodged     and     the     more     massive     positive     ion     comprising     the    remainder    of    the    atom    form    an    ion    pair.   The    minimum    energy    (in    electron    volts)    required    for     such     ion     pair     formation     in     a     given     gas     is     called     the    ionization     potential.        This    value    differs    markedly    for    different    gases    and    is    dependent    on    the    type    and    energy    of    the    charged    particle.     A     more     meaningful     value     is     the     average     energy     lost     by     the     particle     in     producing    one    ion    pair,    which    is    nearly    independent    of    particle    energy    and    type    (and    is    about    35    eV).The    rate    of    energy    loss    will    depend    on    the    energy    and    type    of    charged    particle.        Alpha    particles     will     create     intense     ionization     (-­‐104-­‐105     ion     pairs     /cm     of     path     length)     whereas    β-­‐particles     will     produce     102-­‐103     ion     pairs/cm     and     the     passage     of    γ-­‐rays     will     result     in     1-­‐10    ion    pairs/cm


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