Question

can someone write a thesis on spinal cord injury.

Answer 1

* Spinal cord injury = Trauma to the spinal cord causes partial or complete disruption of the nerve tracts and neurons.

* The injury can involve contusion laceration, or compression of the cord.

Pathophysiology = Due to blow = Trauma or injury of spinal cord = spinal cord injury.

Causes = * Road trafic accident or automobile accident most common cause of spinal cordinjury, Fall, Occupational injury or sports injury, Miscellaneous, Gunshot, and Stab.

Level of cord which injury= C5, C6, C7 ,T12,and L1 these are prone area.

Types of spinal cord injury =

1. Complete spinal cord injury = No communication , complete loss of sensory motor and reflexes below transection.

2. Incomplete spinal cord injury = Cord communicated , loss calculated.

* According level = cervical spinal cord injury , Thoracis spinal cord injury , Lumbosacral spinal cord injury.

3. Total trasection - complete spinal cord inury.

- Laceration, oedema or partial Trasection.

* Partial spinal cord injury= 1. Centeral cord syndrome - motor function more prounced loss of upper extrimities as compare to sensory .

2. Anterior cord syndrome - Anterior area gray and white matter affect.

-motor function loss

3 Posterior cord syndrome = Motor physiology function remain intact but sensory loss.

4. Cauda equina syndrome = Lambosacral nerve root affect .

*** Bowel bladder Areflexia

C1-C8 = Tetraplegia

T1-T4 = Paraplegia

* Below injury - sensory motor reflex loss affect.

* Respiratory difficulty, bowel and bladder control affect, urinary retention, bowel distention ,

**** Diagnostic Evaluation = CT MRI, PET SCAN

*** Management = # Medical management = NPO to patient

- Steroids ( Decrese inflammation and oedema and to prevent cord compression ) .

Antiseizure and osmotic diuretic , muscle relaxant prophylactic antibiotic and iv fluids , plasma expander etc are provided to patient.

* Cervical Tong - to prevent further inury .

* Halo fixator

*** Surgical management = Laminectomy

Decrompressive- fusion of vertebra - spinal fusion ( removal part again place )

* Nursing management = - Neurological assessment

- ABC assessment

- Log- roll method use to transfer the patient

- Immoboile the patient

- Use jaw thrush method to maintain respiration .

Observe respiratory area.

Observe for dysrhythmia

Observe for neurogenic shock .and urinary retention .