Maria, a 8-week-old Hispanic female, is brought to the clinic for a follow-up visit by her...

Maria, a 8-week-old Hispanic female, is brought to the clinic for a follow-up visit by her parents. She was diagnosed and treated for an ear infection 2 weeks earlier, which has now recurred. Her mother states that Maria has not been eating, is very sleepy, seems to be breathing rapidly, and has developed a fever. Due to the frequent infections that Maria has had so early in life, Maria was evaluated for a primary immunodeficiency.

1. What is pathophysiology of primary immunodeficiency?

2. What are the manifestations of primary immunodeficiency?

3. What is the epidemiology of primary immunodeficiency?

4. How is primary immunodeficiency diagnosed?

5. What treatment plan is expected as Maria is treated?

Solutions

Expert Solution

The primary immunodeficency occurs with any viral replication in the body. In case of this child it starts with ear infection. Those virus or microbs attached to the T lymphocytes.CD4 cells depleted at expense of CD8 cell activation or suppressor. Eventually CD4 cells lost from the body and immune system disabled to function against microbes and oppurtunistic infections and recurrence of infections occurs.

Frequent and recurrent infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, ear infection, meningitis etc.

Inflammation and infection of the internal organs such as liver, stomach, brain etc.

Anemia, platelet disorder such blood disorders.

Primary Immunodeficiencies are a group of diseases characterized by recurrent or chronic infections, autoimmunity, allergy, or inflammation as a consequence of genetic alterations affecting the immune system. The overall incidence is around 1:10,000 and they are more prevalent in children.

Mainly the diagnostic measure for immunodeficency disorders are blood test and physical examination. In blood test we are monitoring the blood components and for any signs of infection. Physical examination is mainly done to identify any abnormalities in structures.

The main tretment plan for immunodeficency is immunoglobulin therapy. Adminidtering immunoglobulin which cnsist of antibody protein which fight against the microorganisms. Also boosting the immune system.

Preventing the infection occurance is also a method of treatement of immunodeficency.

Nightingale answered 1 year ago

Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

JM, a 50 year old male returns to the clinic for a follow up visit. On...

JM, a 50 year old male returns to the clinic for a follow up visit. On his last visit BP was 136/90, HR 86, RR 18- weighs 220 lbs- at that time he was advised to limit salt intake and consume low fat diet- New visit - VS are as follows: BP 150/92, HR 88, RR 20 and weight 235 lbs. 1. JM has a strong family history for cardiac disease, his father passed away at age 60 from an...

Jane is a 3-year old female brought into the urgent care clinic by her mother. Child...

Jane is a 3-year old female brought into the urgent care clinic by her mother. Child has been complaining of left ear pain for the past 2 days. She has had fevers with the last at 101 F; mother treated fever with ibuprofen. No cough, vomiting or diarrhea. You are working with a family practice Nurse Practitioner who diagnoses the child with left otitis media (ear infection). The NP selects amoxicillin suspension for treatment. The NP asks that you double...

Valarie Ramirez, a 33-year-old female, arrives at the clinic for a follow-up check for the removal...

Valarie Ramirez, a 33-year-old female, arrives at the clinic for a follow-up check for the removal of a painful wart on her right hand. During the patient interview, she states that she is not having trouble with her hand; however, she has noticed in the mirror that she has a lump on the front of her neck at the bottom. She is a little hoarse but denies any other symptoms. She thought she should tell the doctor. Her vital signs...

A patient with type 2 diabetes is scheduled for a follow-up visit in the clinic several...

A patient with type 2 diabetes is scheduled for a follow-up visit in the clinic several months from now. Which test will the nurse schedule to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment for the patient? Urine dipstick for glucose Hemoglobin A1C Oral glucose tolerance Point of care Glucose (Accucheck) 11. Which assessment finding for a patient who is receiving IV furosemide (Lasix) to treat stage 2 hypertension is most important to report to the health care provider? Blood glucose level of...

A 50-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) presented to her nurse practitioner for a follow-up visit...

A 50-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) presented to her nurse practitioner for a follow-up visit at the rheumatology clinic. After being diagnosed with moderate RA 18 months earlier, the patient was started on methotrexate, a standard disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD). After more than a year of successful disease management, the patient experienced several flare-ups with swelling and pain in her hand joints, which began a few months prior to her recent clinic visit. After conducting tests that indicated high...

Chapter 19 A.Z., a 65-year-old woman, was having a follow-up visit with her physician. She was...

Chapter 19 A.Z., a 65-year-old woman, was having a follow-up visit with her physician. She was concerned about a change in her sleeping habits, including taking at least 30 minutes to fall asleep. She woke up after only about 5 to 6 hours of sleep and found herself unable to fall asleep again. She consequently got sleepy in the afternoon and took frequent naps. What are some causes of age-associated sleep disorders? What are the typical changes in sleep patterns...

Mr. Phil Dunfry, age 42, is seen in the clinic for a follow-up visit for hypertension....

Mr. Phil Dunfry, age 42, is seen in the clinic for a follow-up visit for hypertension. His blood pressure (BP) is 160/92 mm/Hg, and he is diagnosed with hypertension. The health care provider encourages continued lifestyle modification and prescribes hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL). Why is hydrochlorothiazide prescribed? What additional information should the nurse collect to develop a teaching plan for lifestyle modification and the medication? What interventions will help Mr. Dunfry reach his goal of controlling his hypertension? How will you know...

Gretchen, a 65-year-old woman, comes into the clinic for follow-up care related to her chronic bronchitis....

Gretchen, a 65-year-old woman, comes into the clinic for follow-up care related to her chronic bronchitis. She has had bronchitis for several years and had an acute episode of respiratory distress 2 months ago. Treatment for the acute respiratory symptoms included the corticosteroid prednisone. She was initially given a high dose of prednisone but was able to tolerate a reduced dose of 10 mg per day since that time. A review of Gretchen’s medical history reveals that she smokes 1...

A nine months old baby Lucil is brought to the clinic for a regular check up....

A nine months old baby Lucil is brought to the clinic for a regular check up. Baby's weight is 8 kgs. Length is 100 cm. Body temperature is T36.5 , Cardiac Rate is 120 beats/min and RR is 30. Baby Lucil is a full breastfed infant. Assessment Nursing Diagnosis Etiology Plan/Goals Intervention Rationale Evaluation

The 8-year-old girl who was naughty. 8-year-old girl brought to her pediatrician by her 26-year-old mother...

The 8-year-old girl who was naughty. 8-year-old girl brought to her pediatrician by her 26-year-old mother • Chief complaint: fever and sore throat Psychiatric History • While evaluating the patient for an upper respiratory infection, the pediatrician asks if school is going well • The patient responds “yes” but in the background the mother shakes her head “no” • The mother states that her daughter is negative and defi ant at home and she has similar reports, mostly of disobedience,...

Subjects