Question

In: Chemistry

2) Indicate the structural change and reaction that occurred to produce each positive test a. Bromine...

2) Indicate the structural change and reaction that occurred to produce each positive test a. Bromine Unsatuation b. Baeyer Unsaturation c. Chromic Acid d. Tollen’s e. Iodoform

Solutions

Expert Solution

Bromine Unsatuation

This test is used for finding unsaturation (not aromatic unsaturation). Here bromine adds to alkene to give 1,2-dibromocompound.

Baeyer Unsaturation

This also a qualitative test for the presence of unsaturation, Baeyer's reagent is an alkaline solution of cold potassium permanganate, which is a powerful oxidant making this a redox reaction. Reaction with double or triple bonds (-C=C- or -C?C-) in an organic material causes the color to fade from purplish-pink to brown. It is a syn addition reaction. But Aldehydes and formic acid also give a positive test.

Chromic Acid Test

This test is for 1o and 2o alcohols and aldehydes.  This test distinguishes primary and secondary alcohols from tertiary. Chromic acid will oxidize a primary alcohol first to an aldehyde and then to a carboxylic acid and it will oxidize a secondary alcohol to a ketone. Tertiary alcohols do not react. The OH-bearing carbon must have a hydrogen atom attached.

Since the carbon atom is being oxidized in primary and secondary, the orange chromium Cr6+ ion is being reduced to the blue-green Cr3+ ion.

Tollen’s Test

The Tollen’s test is used to test for the presence of aldehydes. In this reaction, an aldehyde is oxidized to a carboxylic acid while the Ag1+ is reduced to silver metal, which deposits as a thin film on the inner surface of the glass. The generic reaction is as follows and is specific for aldehydes:

lodoform test

It will show the positive test for acetaldehyde and methyl ketones. The methyl group of the ketone is removed from the molecule and produces iodoform (CHI3). The formation of a yellow precipitate or suspension of iodoform is a positive test.


Related Solutions

What does a positive Biuret reaction indicate? How is the Barfoed test different from the Benedict...
What does a positive Biuret reaction indicate? How is the Barfoed test different from the Benedict test? What does a positive Benedict reagent indicate? Please answer all 3 no need to go in Depth
2. (a) For each of the following statements, indicate whether it is a positive statement or...
2. (a) For each of the following statements, indicate whether it is a positive statement or a normative statement and why. 4 marks i. A fundamental assumption of the economic theory of consumer behavior is that consumers always prefer having more of any good to having less of it. ii. Provincial governments should not subsidize private corporations by training welfare recipients. iii. To make the good available to more people, a lower price should be set. iv. When the price...
1. Name three observations/signs that might indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred. 2. Write a...
1. Name three observations/signs that might indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred. 2. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of iron with oxygen to form iron oxide (Fe2O3). Then write a description of what you would observe as a piece of iron rusts. What was the sign of the chemical reaction in which iron rusts into iron(III) oxide? 3. Define the following terms:      oxidation-     reduction- 4. For the reaction in question 2, which reactant is...
For the exothermic reaction below, currently at equilibrium, indicate for every change whether the reaction will...
For the exothermic reaction below, currently at equilibrium, indicate for every change whether the reaction will shift to the right (making more products), backward (making more reactants), or no change. Cu(OH)2 (s)   + 2 OH – (aq)      Cu(OH)4–2 (aq) Adding more Cu(OH)2 Adding some NaOH Adding some HNO3 Adding some NaNO3 Increasing the temperature of the reaction Decreasing the volume by removing some solvent
Which of the following compounds would produce a negative test for chromicacidand a positive test for...
Which of the following compounds would produce a negative test for chromicacidand a positive test for 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, be soluble in sulfuric acidand be insoluble in sodium bicarbonate: methyl m-nitrobenzoate, 2-pentanone, or 1-octanol? 

For each of the following transactions that occurred during the year, indicate the dollar amount to...
For each of the following transactions that occurred during the year, indicate the dollar amount to be reported as a current liability as of December 31, 2020. (Enter 0 for amounts if no current liability is to be reported. Do not leave any answer field blank.) Reported as (a) On December 20, 2020, a former employee filed a legal action against Nash for $108,140 for wrongful dismissal. Management believes the action to be frivolous and without merit. The likelihood of...
A compound gives no reaction on the silver nitrate test( it was hexane), a positive on...
A compound gives no reaction on the silver nitrate test( it was hexane), a positive on 2,4-dnp test(Acetone and butanal), a negative test on the tollens test(acetone), and a negative on brominating test(hexane). what is the compound type?
Indicate the effect on this period's FCFF and FCFE of a change in each of the...
Indicate the effect on this period's FCFF and FCFE of a change in each of the items listed below. Assume a $100 increase in each case and a 40 percent tax rate. Please indicate whether ( Positive, Negetive, No change) for each one. A) Net Income B) Cash Operating expenses C) Depreciation D) Interest Expense E) EBIT F) Accounts Receivable G) Accounts Payable H) Property, Plant and equipment I) Notes Payable J) Cash dividends paid K) Proceeds from issuing new...
For the test of significance questions, clearly indicate each of the formal steps in the test...
For the test of significance questions, clearly indicate each of the formal steps in the test of significance. Step 1: State the null and alternative hypothesis. Step 2: Calculate the test statistic. Step 3: Find the p-value. Step 4: State your conclusion. (Do not just say “Reject H0” or “Do not reject H0”, state the conclusion in the context of the problem.) Beetles in oats. In a study of leaf beetle damage on oats, researchers measured the number of beetle...
For the test of significance questions, clearly indicate each of the formal steps in the test...
For the test of significance questions, clearly indicate each of the formal steps in the test of significance. Step 1: State the null and alternative hypothesis. Step 2: Calculate the test statistic. Step 3: Find the p-value. Step 4: State your conclusion. (Do not just say “Reject H0” or “Do not reject H0”, state the conclusion in the context of the problem.) Does using premium gas increase your miles per gallon? A study was conducted with nine vehicles that can...
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT