Question

1. A group of 28 college students traveled to the Middle East. Several of the students had not received childhood immunization. Six of these students became sick with a febrile rash disease. One patient returned home early. He had fever, cough, conjunctivitis and a head cold. Within 24 hours of his arrival, he developed a rash that began on his forehead and spread to his trunk and extremities.

List three viral diseases that could manifest these symptoms. (5 pts)

During your examination of the patient, you notice Koplik spots in the back of the mouth. What is your diagnosis of this patient? What clinical signs led you to this diagnosis? What would you confirm your diagnosis? (10 pts)

Answer 1

Answer-

Three viral diseases that can manifest tjis aymptom are chicken pox ,rubella and measles.

Diagnosis- measles .

Kopliks spots in the back of the mouth is charecteristic of measles. The initial prodromal symptoms of head cold , rash , conjunctivitis ,cough and the student is not immunised as well all indicate a viral disease.

To confirm diagnosis-

Blood tests would show leucopenia , that is decreased wbc count.

Sputum and nasal secretions or urine may show giant cells in the smear from which the virus can be isolated to culture.

Detection of antigen by fluorescent antibody test from respiratory epthelium or urinary epthelial cells.

Serology - comolement fixation test , hemagglutination inhibition tests ,ELISA etc.

If the complication leads to encephalitis , there will be rise in proteina and cell count but nirmal glucose levela in CSF , marked lymphocytosis can be noted.

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